Medium Automation Testing Interview Questions

String parent = driver.getWindowHandle(); for (String h : driver.getWindowHandles()) if (!h.equals(parent)) driver.switchTo().window(h); // ...then switch back to parent

@DataProvider returns Object[][]; a @Test(dataProvider = "name") method runs once per row — the basis of data-driven tests, often reading Excel or JSON.

// Given the following users exist @Given("the following users exist") public void usersExist(DataTable table) { List<Map<String, String>> rows = table.asMaps(); for (Map<String, String> row : rows) { userApi.create(row.get("name"), row.get("role")); } }

@After public void afterScenario(Scenario scenario) { if (scenario.isFailed()) { byte[] shot = ((TakesScreenshot) driver) .getScreenshotAs(OutputType.BYTES); scenario.attach(shot, "image/png", scenario.getName()); } driver.quit(); }

@Test public void getUserAsPojo() { User user = given() .pathParam("id", 2) .when() .get("/users/{id}") .then() .statusCode(200) .extract().as(User.class); Assert.assertEquals(user.getId(), 2); Assert.assertNotNull(user.getEmail()); }

RequestSpecification req = new RequestSpecBuilder() .setBaseUri(Config.baseUrl()) .setContentType(ContentType.JSON) .addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + token) .build(); ResponseSpecification ok = new ResponseSpecBuilder() .expectStatusCode(200) .expectContentType(ContentType.JSON) .build(); given().spec(req).when().get("/orders").then().spec(ok);

public abstract class BasePage { protected final WebDriver driver; protected final WebDriverWait wait; protected BasePage(WebDriver driver) { this.driver = driver; this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)); } protected void click(By locator) { wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator)).click(); } }

pipeline { agent any parameters { choice(name: 'SUITE', choices: ['smoke', 'regression']) } stages { stage('Checkout') { steps { checkout scm } } stage('Test') { steps { sh "mvn clean test -DsuiteXml=${params.SUITE}.xml" } } } post { always { junit 'target/surefire-reports/*.xml' archiveArtifacts artifacts: 'target/screenshots/**', allowEmptyArchive: true } } }

public class LogListener implements ITestListener { @Override public void onTestStart(ITestResult r) { System.out.println("START: " + r.getMethod().getMethodName()); } @Override public void onTestFailure(ITestResult r) { System.out.println("FAIL: " + r.getName() + " - " + r.getThrowable()); } } // register with @Listeners(LogListener.class) or <listeners> in testng.xml

List<Double> prices = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(".price")) .stream() .map(WebElement::getText) .map(t -> t.replaceAll("[^0-9.]", "")) .map(Double::parseDouble) .sorted() .collect(Collectors.toList()); System.out.println(prices);

List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a")); for (WebElement link : links) { String url = link.getAttribute("href"); if (url == null || !url.startsWith("http")) continue; HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection(); con.setRequestMethod("HEAD"); int code = con.getResponseCode(); if (code >= 400) System.out.println("Broken: " + url + " " + code); }

// Requires the webview to be debuggable in the app build Set<String> contexts = driver.getContextHandles(); for (String ctx : contexts) { if (ctx.startsWith("WEBVIEW")) { driver.context(ctx); break; } } driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#email")).sendKeys("qa@test.com"); // back to native controls driver.context("NATIVE_APP");

UiAutomator2Options options = new UiAutomator2Options() .setPlatformName("Android") .setAutomationName("UiAutomator2") .setDeviceName("Pixel_7_API_34") .setApp(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/apps/shop.apk") .setAutoGrantPermissions(true) .setNewCommandTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(120)); AndroidDriver driver = new AndroidDriver( new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723"), options); driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ZERO); // use explicit waits in tests driver.quit();

// Scrolls the first scrollable container until the text is visible String selector = "new UiScrollable(new UiSelector().scrollable(true))" + ".scrollIntoView(new UiSelector().text(\"Order History\"))"; WebElement item = driver.findElement(AppiumBy.androidUIAutomator(selector)); item.click();

// Start before the test, stop and save only if it fails driver.startRecordingScreen(); // ... test steps ... String base64 = driver.stopRecordingScreen(); if (result.getStatus() == ITestResult.FAILURE) { byte[] video = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64); Files.write(Paths.get("target/videos/" + result.getName() + ".mp4"), video); }

services: selenium-hub: image: selenium/hub:4.25.0 ports: - "4442:4442" - "4443:4443" - "4444:4444" chrome: image: selenium/node-chrome:4.25.0 shm_size: 2gb depends_on: - selenium-hub environment: - SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST=selenium-hub - SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT=4442 - SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT=4443 firefox: image: selenium/node-firefox:4.25.0 shm_size: 2gb depends_on: - selenium-hub environment: - SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST=selenium-hub - SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT=4442 - SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT=4443

FROM maven:3.9-eclipse-temurin-21 WORKDIR /app # cache dependencies first for faster rebuilds COPY pom.xml . RUN mvn -q dependency:go-offline COPY src ./src COPY testng.xml . ENV GRID_URL=http://selenium-hub:4444 CMD ["sh", "-c", "mvn test -Dgrid.url=$GRID_URL -Dsurefire.suiteXmlFiles=testng.xml"]

// In the Thread Group fields use property functions with defaults Number of Threads: ${__P(users,10)} Ramp-up period: ${__P(rampup,30)} Duration (seconds): ${__P(duration,300)} // Then override them when running jmeter -n -t load.jmx -l out.jtl -Jusers=200 -Jrampup=120 -Jduration=1800

// REST Assured uses GPath for XML as well as JSON given() .accept(ContentType.XML) .when() .get("/orders/42") .then() .statusCode(200) .contentType(ContentType.XML) .body("order.@id", equalTo("42")) .body("order.items.item.size()", equalTo(3)) .body("order.status", equalTo("SHIPPED"));