36 practice questions with answers for Cyber Security interviews in Jaipur.
Cyber Security jobs in Jaipur
Jaipur has a growing IT and IT-enabled services market, with delivery centres, SaaS start-ups and back-office analytics teams around Sitapura and Mahindra World City. Many candidates here also apply to remote and hybrid roles with Delhi NCR teams.
Below are 36 questions that match the mix of service, product and domain employers hiring soc analyst (l1/l2)s in Jaipur.
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The Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain describes seven stages of an intrusion: reconnaissance, weaponisation, delivery, exploitation, installation, command and control, and actions on objectives. Defenders use it to map controls to each stage, for example email filtering at delivery and egress filtering at command and control. Its weakness is a perimeter focus, so many teams pair it with MITRE ATT&CK for detailed techniques after initial access.
02
A user reports a pop-up saying their files are encrypted. What are your first steps?
First, isolate the device from the network, ideally through EDR network containment, without powering it off so memory evidence is kept. Inform the incident lead and start a timeline. Check for the same indicators on other hosts, disable the user's sessions and reset credentials if needed, and identify the ransomware family from the note. Then confirm backups are intact and offline before any recovery begins.
03
You receive an alert for 300 failed logins on one account followed by a success. How do you triage it?
This pattern suggests brute force or password spraying that succeeded. Check source IPs, location and logon type, and whether MFA was used for the success. Review what the account did after login, such as mailbox rules, file access or new tokens. If suspicious, disable the account or revoke sessions, reset the password, block source IPs and check whether the same IPs targeted other accounts.
An Intrusion Detection System monitors traffic or hosts and raises alerts but does not block. An Intrusion Prevention System sits inline and can drop malicious packets in real time. IDS is safer for tuning because false positives do not break traffic, while IPS gives active protection. Detection can be signature based, as in Snort and Suricata rules, or anomaly based using baselines of normal behaviour.
05
What is threat intelligence and what are IOCs and TTPs?
Threat intelligence is analysed information about adversaries, their tools and behaviour. Indicators of Compromise are artefacts like malicious IPs, domains and file hashes; they are easy to use but change quickly. TTPs, tactics, techniques and procedures, describe how attackers operate, and are harder for attackers to change. The Pyramid of Pain shows that detecting TTPs causes attackers more cost than blocking hashes.
06
A US customer asks your Indian SaaS company for a SOC 2 report. What is it and which type should you aim for?
SOC 2 is an attestation report by an independent auditor on a service organisation's controls against the AICPA Trust Services Criteria: security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality and privacy. A Type I report checks control design at a point in time; a Type II checks operating effectiveness over a period, typically 6 to 12 months. Indian SaaS companies selling to US customers commonly need SOC 2 Type II.
07
You find a web shell on a public web server. What steps do you take?
Do not just delete it. Capture the file, web logs and a memory image if possible, then identify when it was created and which request uploaded it. Search logs for commands executed through it and lateral movement from the server. Contain by isolating the server or blocking the path at the WAF, then patch the vulnerable application, rebuild from a clean image and rotate any credentials stored on it.
Passkeys are FIDO2 credentials that replace passwords. The device creates a key pair per website; the private key stays in the device or synced password manager, protected by biometrics or PIN, and the server stores only the public key. Login is a signature over a challenge tied to the real domain, so passkeys resist phishing and cannot be reused across sites. They also remove password reset load.
09
How would you run a basic threat model for a new web application?
Draw a data flow diagram showing users, the web app, APIs, databases and third parties, and mark trust boundaries. Then apply STRIDE to each element: Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information disclosure, Denial of service and Elevation of privilege. For each threat, record the existing control, a risk rating and an owner. Repeat the model whenever the architecture changes, ideally during design reviews.
10
How would you capture and analyse suspicious traffic using tcpdump and Wireshark?
Capture on the right interface with a filter to limit size, save to a pcap file, then open it in Wireshark.
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 host 10.10.0.15 and port 53 -w dns.pcap
In Wireshark, use display filters such as dns, http.request or tls.handshake.type == 1, and Statistics > Conversations to spot top talkers. Protect pcaps because they may contain sensitive data.
11
Your IDS alerts on outbound traffic from a database server to an unknown IP on port 443 at 3 AM. How do you investigate?
Database servers rarely need internet access, so this is suspicious. I would check the destination's reputation and WHOIS, look at flow data for volume and duration, and identify the process making the connection using EDR. Then I review recent logins, scheduled tasks and new binaries on the server. If data volume is large or the process is unknown, I contain the host and escalate as a possible exfiltration.
12
What is malware and how do virus, worm, trojan and ransomware differ?
Malware is any software built to harm or misuse a system. A virus attaches to files and spreads when they run. A worm spreads by itself across networks, often using a vulnerability. A trojan pretends to be legitimate software to trick users into installing it. Ransomware encrypts or steals data and demands payment, and modern groups use double extortion by threatening to leak stolen data.
MITRE ATT&CK is a public knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques observed in real attacks, organised in matrices for Enterprise, Mobile and ICS. Tactics are the goal, such as Persistence, and techniques are the method, such as T1053 Scheduled Task. Teams use it to map detection coverage, write threat-informed detections, plan red and purple team exercises, and describe incidents in a common language.
14
What is the difference between a vulnerability assessment and a penetration test?
A vulnerability assessment uses scanners to find and rank as many known weaknesses as possible across many assets, and it is broad and frequent. A penetration test is a time-boxed, authorised attempt to exploit weaknesses and show real impact, such as reaching sensitive data. Assessments answer what is wrong; pen tests answer what an attacker could actually achieve. Most programmes run monthly scans and annual or release-based pen tests.
15
Where do you see yourself in five years in cyber security?
A strong answer is specific yet flexible. For example: in five years I want to lead incident response or security engineering work for a large environment. I plan to master SOC operations first, then specialise through hands-on cloud and IR projects and certifications such as CySA+ and later CISSP. I also want to mentor junior analysts, since teaching strengthens my own skills.
16
Your manager asks why the company needs security when it already has antivirus on every laptop. How do you explain?
I would explain that antivirus mainly blocks known malicious files, while most modern attacks use stolen credentials, phishing links, living-off-the-land tools like PowerShell, or cloud misconfigurations that antivirus never sees. I would map our top risks to missing controls, such as MFA, EDR, logging and backups, and use a recent real incident pattern to show business impact in downtime and regulatory reporting cost.
17
Leadership wants to block all USB drives tomorrow. How would you handle this request?
I would support the goal but plan the rollout to avoid breaking business work. First, find who genuinely needs USB, such as field engineers, using endpoint logs. Then apply a device control policy through EDR or Intune that blocks mass storage by default, allows approved encrypted devices by serial number, and logs exceptions. Communicate the change, pilot it with one department, then enforce company wide.
18
Which Windows event IDs should a SOC analyst know?
Key Security log events are 4624 successful logon, 4625 failed logon, 4672 special privileges assigned, 4688 process creation, 4720 user created, 4728 and 4732 user added to privileged groups, 4740 account lockout, 1102 audit log cleared, 4698 scheduled task created and 7045 service installed in the System log. Logon type in 4624, such as 3 for network and 10 for RDP, adds important context.
19
Describe a time you dealt with a user who was upset about losing access.
Situation: after an access review removed a sales manager's export rights, he escalated angrily before a client deadline. Task: solve his need while keeping the control. Action: I listened, explained why bulk exports were restricted, and arranged a time-bound approved export through his manager within an hour. Result: he met the deadline, and we added a documented request path for such cases.
20
Write a KQL query in Microsoft Sentinel to find sign-ins from many countries for one user.
Use SigninLogs, summarise distinct countries per user over a day and flag outliers.
SigninLogs
| where TimeGenerated > ago(1d)
| where ResultType == 0
| summarize Countries = dcount(Location), List = make_set(Location) by UserPrincipalName
| where Countries > 2
| order by Countries desc
Review results with known travel and VPN egress points before escalating.
21
How do you prioritise 500 vulnerabilities found in a scan?
CVSS alone is not enough. I combine severity with exploitability and exposure: check the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list and EPSS score, whether the asset is internet facing, and how critical the business data on it is. Internet-facing systems with known exploited flaws are fixed first, often within days. Internal low-severity findings go into normal patch cycles. Group fixes by patch to reduce effort.
22
A guest Wi-Fi user can reach internal printers. What is wrong and how do you fix it?
Guest traffic is not properly isolated, likely because the guest SSID shares a VLAN with internal devices or the firewall allows inter-VLAN routing. Fix by placing guests on a separate VLAN with internet-only access, applying ACLs that deny all RFC 1918 internal ranges, and enabling client isolation on the wireless controller. Then test from a guest device and document the design.
23
How does encryption work for data at rest in the cloud?
Most cloud storage, databases and disks encrypt data at rest by default with provider-managed keys. For more control, use customer managed keys in KMS, with key policies, rotation and logs of every use, or bring and hold your own keys for strict regulatory needs. Encryption at rest protects against physical media theft, but not against someone with valid IAM permissions, so access control remains critical.
24
Which cloud logs are essential for security monitoring?
Essential sources are control plane audit logs such as AWS CloudTrail, Azure Activity Log and Entra sign-in logs, and Google Cloud Audit Logs. Add network flow logs, DNS logs, load balancer and WAF logs, storage access logs for sensitive buckets, and Kubernetes audit logs. Send them to a central account or SIEM that workload owners cannot delete, and enable threat detection services like GuardDuty.
25
How do you find overly permissive security groups with the AWS CLI?
Query security groups that allow ingress from anywhere, then review each.
aws ec2 describe-security-groups \
--filters Name=ip-permission.cidr,Values=0.0.0.0/0 \
--query 'SecurityGroups[*].[GroupId,GroupName]' --output table
Pay attention to ports 22, 3389, 3306 and 5432. Replace them with VPN, bastion or session manager access.
26
Your servers can reach any internet destination freely. Why is this a problem and how do you introduce egress filtering?
Egress filtering controls outbound traffic, allowing only needed destinations and ports. It blocks malware call-backs, data exfiltration and servers reaching the internet directly. Many networks allow all outbound traffic because it is easier and legacy apps have undocumented dependencies. A practical approach is forcing web traffic through a proxy, blocking direct outbound from servers, and allowing exceptions only with business justification.
27
How do you create a forensic disk image and verify it?
Use a write blocker or a forensic tool, image the whole disk, and hash both source and image.
sudo dc3dd if=/dev/sdb of=/evidence/case12.img hash=sha256 log=/evidence/case12.log
sha256sum /evidence/case12.img
Record the hashes, time, examiner and device details in the chain of custody form. Analyse a working copy, never the original.
28
GuardDuty reports an EC2 instance communicating with a known crypto-mining pool. How do you respond?
Isolate the instance by changing its security group to a quarantine group with no traffic, and snapshot its volumes for analysis. Check how it was compromised: exposed SSH, vulnerable app or leaked key. Review CloudTrail for actions by its instance role. Terminate and rebuild from a clean image, rotate secrets the instance could access, and fix the root cause, such as closing public ports.
29
Describe a time you worked under pressure during an incident.
Situation: during a phishing campaign, 40 users received a credential-harvesting email on a Friday evening. Task: contain it before attackers used stolen accounts. Action: I purged the email across mailboxes, identified six users who clicked, reset their passwords, revoked sessions and blocked the domain, while updating my lead every 30 minutes. Result: no account misuse was found and the playbook was updated.
Single Loss Expectancy is asset value times exposure factor, and Annual Loss Expectancy is SLE times Annual Rate of Occurrence.
SLE = Asset Value x Exposure Factor
ALE = SLE x ARO
Example: a server worth 20 lakh rupees, 50 percent loss per incident, expected once in four years:
SLE = 20,00,000 x 0.5 = 10,00,000
ALE = 10,00,000 x 0.25 = 2,50,000 per year
31
How do you handle a network team that refuses a security change you recommended?
Situation: the network team rejected my request to block outbound SMB at the firewall, fearing outages. Task: reduce the risk without damaging the relationship. Action: I shared flow data showing only two servers needed it, proposed an allowlist for them and a one-week monitor-only phase. Result: the team agreed, the rule went live with zero incidents, and we now review rules together monthly.
32
An audit finds 200 active accounts belonging to employees who left. How do you fix it?
Disable the accounts immediately after confirming with HR, then check each for recent logins, since any use after the exit date is a potential incident. Find the root cause, usually manual offboarding or apps not connected to SSO. Integrate the HR system with the identity platform for automatic disabling, connect apps to SSO and SCIM provisioning, and run monthly orphan account reports.
Check supported protocol versions, ciphers and certificate details. OpenSSL gives a quick view, and tools like testssl.sh give a full report.
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -tls1_2
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -servername example.com | openssl x509 -noout -dates -issuer
./testssl.sh example.com
Disable TLS 1.0 and 1.1, weak ciphers like RC4 and 3DES, and fix expiring certificates.
Use a dedicated password hashing library with Argon2id, which handles salts and parameters automatically.
from argon2 import PasswordHasher
ph = PasswordHasher()
stored = ph.hash(password)
try:
ph.verify(stored, attempt)
if ph.check_needs_rehash(stored):
stored = ph.hash(attempt)
except Exception:
deny_login()
Never use plain SHA-256 or MD5 for passwords.
Start from business needs and regulations, keep it short and clear, and state scope, purpose, roles, requirements and exceptions. Avoid technical detail that changes often; put that in standards. Get input from IT, HR and legal, then management approval. Publish it where staff can find it, train people, require acknowledgement and review it at least yearly or after major changes.
36
An auditor finds that access reviews were not done for two quarters. What do you do?
Acknowledge the finding and agree a remediation plan. Immediately run the overdue reviews for in-scope systems, prioritising privileged access, and revoke unneeded access. Find the cause, such as no owner or a manual process, and fix it by assigning owners, automating campaigns in the IGA tool and adding reminders and escalations. Provide evidence of completed reviews to close the finding.
Few big employers listed in Jaipur?
Many Jaipur candidates also apply to teams in Delhi and to remote or hybrid roles. Practise the Delhi set as well.
Which companies hire Cyber Security professionals in Jaipur?
Companies with large offices in Jaipur include many IT services and product firms. Use their company pages below to practise employer-specific sets.
Are Cyber Security interviews in Jaipur different from other cities?
The questions depend more on the company than the city. Jaipur's mix of employers decides the style: Many candidates here also apply to remote and hybrid roles with Delhi NCR teams
How do I find Cyber Security jobs in Jaipur?
Shortlist companies with Jaipur offices, keep your CV focused on Cyber Security projects, apply on company career pages and job portals with the Jaipur filter, and practise the questions on this page before each interview.