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Power BI Interview Questions in Gurgaon

36 practice questions with answers for Power BI interviews in Gurgaon.

Power BI jobs in Gurgaon

Gurgaon (Gurugram) is home to many multinational, consulting, fintech and consumer-internet offices. Interviews often expect strong business understanding along with technical skills, especially for analytics and product-facing roles.

Below are 36 questions that match the mix of service, product and domain employers hiring power bi developers in Gurgaon.

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01

Explain how RANKX works and common mistakes with it.

Advanced DAX and Time IntelligenceMedium
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RANKX iterates a table, evaluates an expression for each row and ranks the current value among them. A common pattern is RANKX(ALL('Product'[Product]), [Total Sales]). Mistakes include not using ALL, so every product ranks 1 because only one is visible, ranking over a table with duplicates, and forgetting ties handling with the Dense option. The newer RANK function supports multi-column ordering.
02

Your workspace has grown to 150 items and nobody knows which reports are used. How do you clean it up?

Power BI Service, Sharing and SecurityMedium
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I would export usage from the activity log or the workspace usage metrics, list items not viewed in 90 days and confirm with owners before archiving. Duplicate models are consolidated into shared semantic models, naming standards are applied, and workspaces are split by domain with clear owners. A quarterly review keeps it tidy. This also reduces refresh load on capacity.
03

What is cross-filter direction and why is bi-directional filtering risky?

Data ModellingMedium
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Cross-filter direction controls which way filters travel across a relationship. Single direction, from the one side to the many side, is the default and safest. Bi-directional lets the fact table filter the dimension too, which can be useful for slicers showing only relevant values, but it can cause ambiguous paths, unexpected results and slower queries. Prefer single direction and use CROSSFILTER inside specific measures when needed.
04

Users want to analyse sales by both order date and delivery date in the same report. What do you do?

Data ModellingMedium
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I would keep the Date table related to OrderDate as the active relationship and add an inactive relationship to DeliveryDate. Then create measures like Sales by Delivery Date using USERELATIONSHIP. If users need separate slicers for both dates at the same time, I would create a second Delivery Date table as a role-playing copy related actively to the delivery column.
05

Create a calculated column that categorises customers by their lifetime sales.

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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Customer Band = VAR s = CALCULATE(SUM(Sales[Amount])) RETURN SWITCH(TRUE(), s >= 500000, "Platinum", s >= 100000, "Gold", s > 0, "Silver", "No Purchase") This is a column on the Customer table; CALCULATE triggers context transition so each row gets its own customer's sales.
06

How do you handle a business user who keeps changing report requirements?

Power Query and Data TransformationEasy
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I first understand the goal behind the changes, because frequent changes often mean the core question was not clear. I write down agreed requirements and a mock-up, then deliver in small iterations so feedback comes early. In one project weekly 20-minute reviews cut rework a lot, and changes that were large were logged for the next version rather than added mid-sprint.
07

What is a dataflow and how is it different from Power Query in Desktop?

Power Query and Data TransformationMedium
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A dataflow runs Power Query transformations in the Power BI Service and stores the result in the cloud, so multiple semantic models can reuse the same cleaned tables. Desktop Power Query logic lives inside one model only. Dataflows Gen2 in Fabric can also write output to lakehouses or warehouses. Dataflows centralise preparation logic, reduce duplicate source load and separate data prep from modelling.
08

Split a datetime column to reduce cardinality in Power Query.

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationMedium
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= Table.AddColumn(Source, "OrderDateOnly", each DateTime.Date([OrderDateTime]), type date) = Table.AddColumn(Prev, "OrderHour", each Time.Hour([OrderDateTime]), Int64.Type) Then remove the original OrderDateTime column. A datetime with seconds can have millions of unique values, while date and hour columns have only thousands and 24 values, compressing much better.
09

What is the difference between a calculated column and a measure?

DAX FundamentalsEasy
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A calculated column is computed row by row at refresh and stored in the model, so it uses memory and can be used in slicers, filters and relationships, for example Profit = Sales[Amount] - Sales[Cost]. A measure is computed at query time in the current filter context and is not stored, for example Total Profit = SUM(Sales[Profit]). Prefer measures for aggregations and use columns only when you need to slice by the value.
10

What is a snowflake schema and should you avoid it in Power BI?

Data ModellingMedium
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A snowflake schema normalises dimensions into several related tables, such as Product linked to Subcategory linked to Category. It saves little space in Power BI because columnar compression already handles repetition, and it adds relationships, longer filter paths and a more confusing field list. Usually it is better to flatten these into one Product dimension in Power Query, keeping the model a clean star.
11

Refresh takes 90 minutes because of heavy Power Query steps. How do you speed it up?

Power Query and Data TransformationMedium
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I would check query folding with View Native Query or the folding indicators and move non-folding steps after folding ones. Filter rows and remove unused columns as early as possible, push joins and aggregations into SQL views, avoid row-by-row custom functions over large tables, and disable load for staging queries. For large fact tables, set up incremental refresh so only recent partitions reload.
12

What tools do you use to analyse Power BI performance?

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationMedium
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Performance Analyzer in Desktop records how long each visual takes for DAX query, visual display and other work, and lets you copy the query. DAX Studio runs those queries with server timings and query plans and includes VertiPaq Analyzer for model size by table and column. Best Practice Analyzer in Tabular Editor flags modelling issues. In the Service, capacity metrics apps show load on Premium or Fabric capacity.
13

What is the difference between Group By in Power Query and summarising in DAX?

Power Query and Data TransformationMedium
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Group By in Power Query aggregates rows at refresh time and stores only the summarised table, reducing model size, which is useful when detail is never needed. Summarising in DAX through measures keeps detail in the model and aggregates dynamically for any filter at query time. Use Power Query grouping for fixed summaries such as monthly snapshots, and DAX measures when users need flexible slicing.
14

What does CALCULATE do?

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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CALCULATE evaluates an expression in a modified filter context. Its filter arguments can add, replace or remove filters, for example CALCULATE([Total Sales], 'Product'[Category] = "Electronics") replaces any category filter with Electronics. It also performs context transition when used inside a row context, turning the current row into an equivalent filter. It is the most important function in DAX.
15

Business users keep asking for edits directly in production reports. How do you set up a better process?

Power BI Service, Sharing and SecurityMedium
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I would set up separate Development, Test and Production workspaces with a deployment pipeline, store PBIP files in Git, and route requests through a simple backlog. Changes are built in Dev, reviewed by a key user in Test and deployed to Production on a release schedule. Users consume through an app, so production stays stable and changes are traceable.
16

What are subscriptions and data alerts in the Power BI Service?

Power BI Service, Sharing and SecurityEasy
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Subscriptions email a snapshot of a report page or dashboard to users on a schedule, or after data refresh, with a link to the live content. Data alerts notify users when a value on a dashboard card, KPI or gauge tile crosses a threshold, such as daily sales below a target. Paginated reports support subscriptions with attachments like PDF or Excel. Power Automate can extend alerts into workflows.
17

Business wants year-over-year growth, but the current year is incomplete. How do you compare fairly?

Advanced DAX and Time IntelligenceMedium
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Comparing a partial year with a full last year understates growth. I would limit last year to the same date range, for example using the last date with sales this year and filtering last year's dates up to the matching day, or compare year-to-date to previous year-to-date. I would label the visual clearly as YTD versus same period last year so readers understand it.
18

Tell me about a time you had to deliver a report with unclear requirements.

Power BI FundamentalsMedium
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Situation: an operations head asked for a 'delivery performance dashboard' with no detail. Task: deliver something useful in a week. Action: I held a 30-minute session to list five questions they wanted answered, sketched a page layout and built a quick prototype in two days with sample data. After feedback I finalised it. Result: the dashboard went live on time and became part of the weekly operations review.
19

Users say the report shows yesterday's data even after a refresh. How do you troubleshoot?

Power BI FundamentalsMedium
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I would check the refresh history in the Service for errors or whether the refresh actually ran, confirm the gateway is online and has valid credentials, and verify the source itself has the latest data. Then check for cached dashboard tiles, query caching, or an incremental refresh policy that excludes recent days. Also confirm users are viewing the right workspace or app version, which may need republishing.
20

Users need to filter a report by 5,000 product names using a slicer, and it is slow. What do you do?

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationMedium
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A slicer with thousands of values sends heavy queries and is hard to use. I would add a hierarchy so users pick category and subcategory first, enable the slicer search box, and consider a text filter visual for direct search. Apply buttons in query reduction settings stop queries on every click. If the slicer depends on a measure-filtered list, I would simplify that logic.
21

Tell me about a time you found a wrong number in a published report.

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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Situation: a regional head noticed our margin report did not match finance. Task: find and fix it quickly. Action: I compared numbers at product level, found returns were double-subtracted because a measure used both a net amount column and a returns table. I fixed the measure, added a reconciliation page against finance totals and informed users. Result: numbers matched to the rupee and the reconciliation check became standard.
22

Write a running total measure.

Advanced DAX and Time IntelligenceMedium
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Running Total = VAR maxDate = MAX('Date'[Date]) RETURN CALCULATE( [Total Sales], 'Date'[Date] <= maxDate, REMOVEFILTERS('Date') ) REMOVEFILTERS clears the current period filter so all earlier dates are included. In a visual-only scenario, the visual calculation RUNNINGSUM is simpler.
23

Write a measure that counts customers with sales above 10,000.

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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Big Customers = COUNTROWS( FILTER( VALUES(Customer[CustomerID]), [Total Sales] > 10000 ) ) Iterating VALUES of the customer key keeps the loop small and respects current filters such as year or region.
24

What are Import, DirectQuery and Live Connection modes?

Power BI FundamentalsMedium
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Import loads a compressed copy of data into the in-memory VertiPaq engine, giving the fastest queries but requiring refresh. DirectQuery sends queries to the source at view time, so data is current but performance depends on the source and some DAX is limited. Live Connection connects a report to an existing semantic model or Analysis Services model without its own model. Composite models mix Import and DirectQuery tables.
25

What is a disconnected table and how is it used for what-if analysis?

Advanced DAX and Time IntelligenceMedium
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A disconnected table has no relationship to the model and is used to capture a user's choice through a slicer. For example, a Discount table from 0 to 30 percent created with GENERATESERIES, or the What-if parameter feature, lets a measure read SELECTEDVALUE(Discount[Value]) and calculate projected revenue. Since it does not filter facts, the measure decides how the selection is applied.
26

How do you analyse model size with DAX Studio?

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationMedium
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Connect DAX Studio to the open Power BI Desktop file, go to Advanced, View Metrics to run VertiPaq Analyzer. It shows size per table and column, cardinality, encoding and relationship sizes. Sort columns by total size to find the biggest consumers, often IDs, timestamps or long text. You can export a vpax file to compare before and after optimisation or share with colleagues.
27

How do you add a conditional column in Power Query?

Power Query and Data TransformationEasy
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Use Add Column, Conditional Column and define rules, or write M directly: = Table.AddColumn(Source, "Band", each if [Amount] >= 100000 then "High" else if [Amount] >= 25000 then "Medium" else "Low", type text) Adding the type at the end avoids an extra Changed Type step. Conditional columns built here are computed at refresh, not at query time.
28

Write a measure for percentage of grand total sales.

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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Sales % of Total = DIVIDE( [Total Sales], CALCULATE([Total Sales], REMOVEFILTERS('Product')) ) This gives each product's share of total across all products. Use ALLSELECTED('Product') instead if the denominator should respect slicer selections on products.
29

Your measure returns an error that a table of multiple values was supplied where a single value was expected. How do you fix it?

DAX FundamentalsMedium
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This happens when an expression like VALUES or a column reference returns several rows where a scalar is needed, for example in IF or comparison. I would use SELECTEDVALUE with a fallback, wrap the column in an aggregation like MAX or SUM, or use HASONEVALUE to check first. If iteration is needed, use SUMX or another iterator over VALUES instead.
30

What is incremental refresh?

Power BI Service, Sharing and SecurityMedium
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Incremental refresh partitions a large table by date so each refresh reloads only recent data, such as the last 10 days, while keeping older partitions, such as five years of history, unchanged. It uses the RangeStart and RangeEnd datetime parameters to filter the query, which must fold to the source. It cuts refresh time and load on sources, and can add a DirectQuery partition for real-time data.
31

Why do you need a dedicated date table?

Data ModellingEasy
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A date table gives one row per day with columns like year, quarter, month, week and fiscal periods, so all facts can be analysed on a common calendar. Time intelligence functions such as TOTALYTD and SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR need a contiguous date column, and the table should be marked as a date table. It also avoids the many hidden auto date/time tables that bloat the model.
32

What is the relationship between Power BI and Microsoft Fabric?

Power BI FundamentalsMedium
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Microsoft Fabric is Microsoft's unified analytics platform that includes data engineering, data factory, data warehousing, real-time analytics and Power BI as its reporting layer. Power BI workspaces can live on Fabric capacity and use items such as lakehouses and warehouses in OneLake. Direct Lake mode lets semantic models read Delta tables in OneLake directly without a full import, combining fresh data with near-import speed.
33

What is the difference between sharing a report, publishing an app and using a workspace?

Power BI Service, Sharing and SecurityMedium
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A workspace is where creators collaborate. Direct sharing gives one person or group access to a single report, which is quick but hard to govern at scale. An app packages reports and dashboards from a workspace for consumers, with audiences controlling who sees which content, and updates only when republished. Apps are the recommended way to distribute content to large business audiences.
34

Why can too many visuals on a page slow down a report?

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationEasy
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Each visual sends at least one DAX query when the page loads or when filters change, and visuals render in the browser. A page with 30 visuals, especially complex tables and custom visuals, sends many queries in parallel, competing for capacity and causing long load times. Reducing visuals, combining cards into one multi-row card or using tooltips and drill-through pages improves speed.
35

How do you explain a technical limitation to a business user who wants something impossible?

Performance Optimisation and AdministrationMedium
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I acknowledge the goal, explain the limitation in simple terms and offer an alternative that meets most of the need. For example, when a user wanted live updates every second on a DirectQuery report over a slow system, I explained the load it would create and offered a 15-minute refresh plus an alert for threshold breaches. They accepted because the key decision was covered.
36

Create a date table in Power Query using M.

Power Query and Data TransformationMedium
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let StartDate = #date(2022, 1, 1), EndDate = #date(2026, 12, 31), Days = Duration.Days(EndDate - StartDate) + 1, Dates = List.Dates(StartDate, Days, #duration(1, 0, 0, 0)), T = Table.FromList(Dates, Splitter.SplitByNothing(), {"Date"}), Typed = Table.TransformColumnTypes(T, {{"Date", type date}}), Y = Table.AddColumn(Typed, "Year", each Date.Year([Date]), Int64.Type), M = Table.AddColumn(Y, "Month", each Date.MonthName([Date]), type text) in M

Companies with offices in Gurgaon (9)

Consulting

Accenture

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune +2

View questions
Consulting

Deloitte

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Mumbai +2

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Consulting

EY

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Bengaluru, Kolkata, Gurugram +2

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Consulting

KPMG

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Gurugram, Bengaluru, Mumbai +2

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Consulting

PwC

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Kolkata, Bengaluru, Mumbai +2

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IT services

Genpact

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Gurugram, Hyderabad, Bengaluru +2

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Analytics

EXL

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 4 rounds

Noida, Gurugram, Bengaluru +1

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Product

Microsoft

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 5 rounds

Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Noida +2

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Analytics

Fractal Analytics

Power BI interview questions

  • 30 questions
  • 5 rounds

Mumbai, Bengaluru, Gurugram +1

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Frequently asked questions

Which companies hire Power BI professionals in Gurgaon?

Companies with large offices in Gurgaon include Accenture, Deloitte, EY, KPMG, PwC, Genpact, EXL, Microsoft, Fractal Analytics. Use their company pages below to practise employer-specific sets.

Are Power BI interviews in Gurgaon different from other cities?

The questions depend more on the company than the city. Gurgaon's mix of employers decides the style: Interviews often expect strong business understanding along with technical skills, especially for analytics and product-facing roles

How do I find Power BI jobs in Gurgaon?

Shortlist companies with Gurgaon offices, keep your CV focused on Power BI projects, apply on company career pages and job portals with the Gurgaon filter, and practise the questions on this page before each interview.

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