Python Programming Course Modules Explained Week by Week

import random

secret = random.randint(1, 20)
for attempt in range(1, 6):
    raw = input(f"Attempt {attempt}/5 - guess a number 1-20: ")
    if not raw.isdigit():
        print("Please enter a whole number.")
        continue
    guess = int(raw)
    if guess == secret:
        print("Correct!")
        break
    print("Too low" if guess < secret else "Too high")
else:
    print(f"Out of attempts. The number was {secret}.")

from collections import Counter

text = """Python is easy to read. Python is popular.
Reading code is a skill, and practice makes it easy."""

words = [w.strip(".,").lower() for w in text.split()]
counts = Counter(words)
unique = set(words)
long_words = sorted({w for w in words if len(w) > 5})

print("most common:", counts.most_common(3))
print("unique words:", len(unique))
print("long words:", long_words)

# safe_input.py   Reusable module for later weeks
def read_int(prompt: str, low: int, high: int) -> int:
    while True:
        raw = input(prompt)
        try:
            value = int(raw)
        except ValueError:
            print(f"'{raw}' is not a whole number, try again.")
            continue
        if low <= value <= high:
            return value
        print(f"Please enter a number from {low} to {high}.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    age = read_int("Your age: ", 1, 119)
    print("Thanks, age recorded:", age)

class Book:
    def __init__(self, title: str, author: str):
        self.title, self.author, self.borrowed = title, author, False

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        status = "borrowed" if self.borrowed else "available"
        return f"{self.title} by {self.author} ({status})"

class Library:
    def __init__(self):
        self.books: list[Book] = []

    def add(self, book: Book) -> None:
        self.books.append(book)

    def borrow(self, title: str) -> bool:
        for b in self.books:
            if b.title == title and not b.borrowed:
                b.borrowed = True
                return True
        return False

lib = Library()
lib.add(Book("Python Basics", "A. Author"))
lib.add(Book("Clean Code Habits", "B. Writer"))
print(lib.borrow("Python Basics"), lib.borrow("Python Basics"))
for b in lib.books:
    print(b)

import csv
from datetime import date
from pathlib import Path

LOG = Path("expenses.csv")

def add_expense(category: str, amount: float) -> None:
    new = not LOG.exists()
    with LOG.open("a", newline="") as f:
        w = csv.writer(f)
        if new:
            w.writerow(["date", "category", "amount"])
        w.writerow([date.today().isoformat(), category, f"{amount:.2f}"])

def totals() -> dict[str, float]:
    out: dict[str, float] = {}
    with LOG.open(newline="") as f:
        for row in csv.DictReader(f):
            out[row["category"]] = out.get(row["category"], 0) + float(row["amount"])
    return out

add_expense("food", 250)
add_expense("travel", 120)
print(totals())

# pip install requests   Uses a public practice API
import requests

def user_post_counts(limit_users: int = 3) -> dict[int, int]:
    r = requests.get("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts", timeout=10)
    r.raise_for_status()
    counts: dict[int, int] = {}
    for post in r.json():
        counts[post["userId"]] = counts.get(post["userId"], 0) + 1
    return dict(sorted(counts.items())[:limit_users])

try:
    print(user_post_counts())
except requests.RequestException as err:
    print("API request failed:", err)

Week  Topic                         Exercise done  Notes  Pushed to Git
1     Setup, variables, I/O          [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
2     Conditions and loops           [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
3     Data structures                [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
4     Functions                      [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
5     Modules, pip, exceptions       [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
6     OOP                            [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
7     Files, CSV, JSON               [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
8     APIs with requests             [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
9     pytest and Git                 [ ]            [ ]    [ ]
10    Final project                  [ ]            [ ]    [ ]

Final project: Personal finance CLI

- Add, list and delete expenses (CSV storage)
- Monthly totals by category
- Optional: currency conversion via a public API
- Classes for Expense and ExpenseBook
- Input validation with clear errors
- pytest tests for core functions
- README with usage examples; clean Git history

Each week:
  Attend classes and take short notes
  Redo class examples without looking
  Complete the weekly exercise
  Write three questions you could be asked about the topic
  Commit your code with clear messages