Zomato Automation Testing Interview Questions & Answers

Lambdas are short anonymous functions; streams process collections declaratively with filter, map and collect, for example filtering link text from a list of elements.

Overloading: same method name, different parameters, in the same class (compile time). Overriding: a subclass redefines a parent method with the same signature (runtime polymorphism). WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver() is runtime polymorphism.

Running the same test logic with multiple data sets from Excel, CSV, JSON or a database, so coverage increases without duplicating code.

Absolute starts from the root (/html/...) and breaks easily; relative starts anywhere with // and is more stable, for example //input[@id='email'].

A subclass redefines a parent method. Frameworks use it to customise base behaviour, such as overriding a wait or click method in a base page class.

Encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism and abstraction. Testers use them to build reusable page classes, base tests and utility libraries.

Use mocks or stubs such as WireMock to simulate the dependency and test your service in isolation.

getText returns visible inner text; getAttribute returns an HTML attribute or property such as value, href or class.

It runs tests in parallel across multiple machines and browsers using a hub and nodes, cutting execution time and increasing browser coverage.

An open-source suite for browser automation: WebDriver, IDE, Grid and the older RC. WebDriver controls browsers through their native drivers.

If the element is <input type="file">, use element.sendKeys("C:/path/file.pdf"). Use the Robot class or AutoIt only as a last resort for OS dialogs.

A configuration file to define suites, tests, classes, groups, parameters and parallel execution settings.

An abstract class can hold state and concrete methods; an interface defines a contract (with default methods since Java 8). A class extends one abstract class but can implement many interfaces.

Classes like ITestListener that react to events such as test start, success or failure, commonly used for screenshots and reporting.

Use headers such as Bearer tokens, basic auth, API keys or OAuth flows; fetch a token in a setup step and reuse it.

A method annotated with @DataProvider returns a 2D object array and the test with dataProvider = "name" runs once per row.

Re-locate the element after the DOM refreshes, use explicit waits for the refreshed element, don't keep element references for long, or wrap the action in retry logic.

Keep credentials in external data, parameterise the test with a data provider, reuse a login method in a page class, and clear sessions between roles.

Stabilise waits and data, isolate tests, use retries cautiously, quarantine unstable tests, run in consistent containers and track flaky rates.

ArrayList stores an ordered list (e.g. all product names on a page). HashMap stores key–value pairs (e.g. test data or config properties).

Keep URLs and credentials in per-environment config files or variables, choose with a command-line parameter and never hard-code secrets.

Behaviour-driven development writes scenarios in Given-When-Then Gherkin that map to step definitions in code, so business and QA share one language.

SOAP is a strict XML protocol with WSDL and WS-Security; REST is a lighter architectural style using HTTP and usually JSON.

It makes a test run only after specified tests pass, otherwise it is skipped. Use sparingly as it creates coupled tests.

Git tracks changes, enables code review, branching and rollback and lets teams collaborate on the framework safely.

Implement IRetryAnalyzer with a retry count and attach it through the test annotation or a listener to rerun flaky tests.

200 OK, 201 Created, 204 No Content, 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden, 404 Not Found, 500 Internal Server Error.

A helper that initialises @FindBy elements lazily using initElements; some teams skip it in favour of plain By locators.

close() closes the current window; quit() closes all windows and ends the driver session.

A lightweight text format of key-value pairs and arrays used in API requests and responses, validated field by field in tests.

given().baseUri(url) .when().get("/users/1") .then().statusCode(200).body("id", equalTo(1));

TestNG reports, ExtentReports and Allure give charts, screenshots and logs that are easy to share with the team.

String r = new StringBuilder(s).reverse().toString(); // or loop from the last index and append each character

Maven project → POM with a BasePage → driver factory with ThreadLocal → config files → data-driven utilities (Excel/JSON) → TestNG or Cucumber runner → logging → Extent reports with screenshots on failure → Jenkins pipeline.

An API client. Add tests in JavaScript, use environments and collections, and run them with Newman in a CI pipeline.

A try block that automatically closes resources such as file readers or streams, preventing leaks without a finally block.

Automate stable, repetitive, high-risk and data-heavy flows (smoke, regression). Skip one-time tests, frequently changing UI and checks needing human judgement. Compare run frequency × manual time with build and maintenance cost.

Store each driver in a ThreadLocal so every thread gets its own instance and tests do not interfere.

Use the Select class with selectByVisibleText, selectByValue or selectByIndex; for custom dropdowns click and choose from the list of elements.

Mouse and keyboard actions such as hover, drag and drop, double click, right click and key combinations, built with moveToElement(...).perform().

POST creates a resource, PUT replaces the whole resource (idempotent) and PATCH updates part of it.

200 OK, 201 Created, 400 bad request, 401 unauthenticated, 403 forbidden, 404 not found and 500 server error.

throw actually raises an exception object inside a method; throws declares in the method signature that it may pass an exception to the caller.

Schedule the job, spin up environments or containers, run suites in parallel, store reports and screenshots, notify failures on Slack or email and track trends.

Use then().statusCode(200).body("data.id", equalTo(5)), or extract() the response and assert fields with JsonPath.

Implement ITestListener.onTestFailure(): File src = ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); then copy it into the reports folder.

String is immutable — every change creates a new object. StringBuilder is mutable and faster for repeated changes (not thread-safe; StringBuffer is).

Runtime events that disrupt flow. Use try-catch-finally, throw, throws, and custom exceptions; checked exceptions must be handled while unchecked ones need not be.

Create a job or pipeline that checks out code, runs mvn test, publishes reports and triggers on commits or schedules.

One interface, many forms. WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver() lets the same test code run on any browser class that implements WebDriver.

Cast the driver to JavascriptExecutor and use executeScript, for example to scroll into view or click hidden elements.

A Java library that makes API tests readable using given-when-then, with easy request building, response validation and JSON path support.

//button[normalize-space()='Login'] //button[contains(text(),'Login')]

Click to open the dropdown, then locate the option by its text, e.g. //li[text()='India'], and click it. Add an explicit wait for the animation.

Use then().time(lessThan(2000L)) and then().header("Content-Type", containsString("json")) along with body assertions.

Encapsulation: private locators with public page methods. Inheritance: pages extend a BasePage. Polymorphism: the WebDriver interface for different browsers. Abstraction: utility layers hiding Selenium details.

final makes a variable, method or class unchangeable; finally is a block that always runs after try-catch; finalize is a deprecated method called before garbage collection.

A scripted or declarative Jenkinsfile that defines stages such as build, test and deploy as code stored with the project.

Use CSS or XPath with contains(), starts-with() or stable attributes, relative axes, or data-test attributes agreed with developers.

Use external files or APIs and database setup scripts, generate unique data per run, and clean up afterwards so tests stay independent.

Implicit, explicit (WebDriverWait with ExpectedConditions) and fluent waits; avoid mixing implicit and explicit waits and never rely on Thread.sleep.

Use isDisplayed(), isEnabled() and isSelected() on the WebElement before interacting or asserting.