36 practice questions with answers for .NET Full Stack interviews in Nagpur.
.NET Full Stack jobs in Nagpur
Nagpur's MIHAN SEZ hosts IT-services and BFSI delivery centres, giving central India a steady market for data and QA roles. Interviews are usually service-company style, with aptitude, technical and HR rounds.
Below are 36 questions that match the mix of service, product and domain employers hiring .net developers in Nagpur.
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01
Show an example of the Dependency Inversion Principle in C#.
public interface INotifier { Task SendAsync(string to, string msg); }
public class SmsNotifier : INotifier
{
public Task SendAsync(string to, string msg) => Task.CompletedTask; // call SMS API
}
public class OrderService(INotifier notifier)
{
public Task ConfirmAsync(Order o) => notifier.SendAsync(o.Phone, "Order placed");
}
// Program.cs
builder.Services.AddScoped<INotifier, SmsNotifier>();
OrderService depends on the abstraction, so you can swap to email or a mock without changing it.
02
A read-only product listing endpoint in EF Core uses a lot of memory and CPU. What simple change helps, and why?
By default, EF Core tracks every entity it loads so it can detect changes on SaveChanges, which costs memory and CPU. AsNoTracking tells EF Core not to track the results, making read-only queries faster and lighter. Use it for lists, reports and GET endpoints where you will not update the data. AsNoTrackingWithIdentityResolution avoids duplicate instances of the same entity in results while still skipping tracking.
03
What is the difference between a stored procedure and a user-defined function?
A stored procedure can perform inserts, updates and deletes, use transactions and TRY-CATCH, return multiple result sets and output parameters, and is called with EXEC. A function must return a value or table, cannot modify database state, and can be used inside SELECT, WHERE and JOIN. Scalar functions used row by row can hurt performance, although SQL Server 2019 and later can inline many of them.
04
Show the newer LINQ methods Chunk, DistinctBy and MaxBy.
// split 1,000 ids into batches of 100 for bulk API calls
foreach (int[] batch in ids.Chunk(100))
await SendBatchAsync(batch);
// unique customers by email
var unique = customers.DistinctBy(c => c.Email).ToList();
// highest-paid employee object, not just the salary
Employee? top = employees.MaxBy(e => e.Salary);
These were added in .NET 6 and remove the need for custom helpers or third-party libraries like MoreLINQ.
05
You must resize 10,000 images and also call an external API for 10,000 records. Which approach do you use for each task?
Parallel.ForEach is for CPU-bound work, such as resizing thousands of images, where splitting work across cores speeds things up. async/await is for I/O-bound work, where you mostly wait on networks or disks. Using Parallel.ForEach for HTTP calls wastes threads while they wait. For many concurrent I/O operations with a limit, use Parallel.ForEachAsync with MaxDegreeOfParallelism, available since .NET 6.
06
Your Angular app's first load is slow on mobile because the main bundle is very large. How does lazy loading of routes help?
Lazy loading splits the app into chunks that download only when the user navigates to that route, so the initial bundle is smaller and the first page loads faster, especially on mobile data. In Angular use loadComponent or loadChildren with a dynamic import in the route config; in React use React.lazy with Suspense or the router's lazy option. Angular's @defer blocks can also delay heavy parts of a page.
07
Tell me about a time you worked under a tight deadline.
During my internship (Situation) a client demo was moved two days earlier, and the reports page was not ready. My task was to deliver the SQL queries and API for it. I listed must-have reports with my mentor, wrote and tested the three critical queries first, and postponed exports. I stayed in touch with the UI developer every few hours. Result: the demo went well, and we added the remaining features the next week.
08
You need to add a new method to a widely implemented interface without breaking existing classes. How can you do it?
Since C# 8, an interface can provide a method body. Classes implementing the interface get that behaviour without writing it, though they can override it. The main use is evolving a published interface: you can add a new member without breaking every existing implementation. The default method is only callable through the interface type, not the class, and overusing it blurs the line with abstract classes.
09
Configure JWT bearer authentication in an ASP.NET Core API.
In my last project (Situation) we needed a leave-management API for 3,000 employees. My task was the full design. I modelled resources like /employees/{id}/leaves, used DTOs separate from EF entities, JWT with role policies for managers, FluentValidation, ProblemDetails errors and paging on every list. I documented it in OpenAPI and agreed the contract with the Angular team first. Result: front and back ends were built in parallel and launched on time.
11
Tell me about a production bug you had to debug under time pressure.
Last year (Situation) our order API started timing out during a sale. My task was to restore service fast. I checked dashboards, saw thread count climbing with low CPU, and took a dump that showed threads blocked on a .Result call added in a recent release. Action: I hotfixed it to proper async and rolled out within an hour. Result: latency returned to normal, and I added an analyser rule to block sync-over-async.
12
What is the difference between == and Equals() in C#?
For reference types, == by default checks reference equality, meaning both variables point to the same object, while Equals can be overridden to compare content. String overrides both, so == compares text. For value types, Equals compares field values. Records generate value-based equality automatically. When you override Equals, also override GetHashCode so objects behave correctly in dictionaries and hash sets.
13
Write a recursive CTE that lists an employee hierarchy with levels.
WITH Org AS (
SELECT Id, Name, ManagerId, 0 AS Lvl
FROM Employees
WHERE ManagerId IS NULL -- anchor: CEO
UNION ALL
SELECT e.Id, e.Name, e.ManagerId, o.Lvl + 1
FROM Employees e
JOIN Org o ON e.ManagerId = o.Id -- recursive part
)
SELECT REPLICATE(' ', Lvl) + Name AS Hierarchy, Lvl
FROM Org
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 100);
The anchor query runs once and the recursive part repeats until no new rows are found.
14
A .NET API's memory keeps growing in production until the pod restarts. How do you investigate?
First confirm with metrics using dotnet-counters: watch GC heap size, Gen 2 count and LOH size. Then capture a heap dump with dotnet-gcdump or dotnet-dump and compare two dumps over time to find which object types keep growing and what roots hold them. Common causes are static caches without expiry, event handlers never unsubscribed, undisposed HttpClient or DbContext, and singletons capturing scoped services. Fix the root, then load test.
15
What is the difference between temporary tables and table variables?
Temporary tables (#Temp) live in tempdb, support indexes and statistics, and are visible to nested procedures, so they suit larger intermediate results. Table variables (@T) also use tempdb but have limited statistics, which made old optimisers estimate one row; SQL Server 2019 improved this with deferred compilation. Table variables are not affected by transaction rollback. Use table variables for small sets and temp tables for large ones.
16
How do you use CancellationToken in an ASP.NET Core API?
[HttpGet("report")]
public async Task<IActionResult> Report(CancellationToken ct)
{
var rows = await _db.Sales
.Where(s => s.Year == 2026)
.ToListAsync(ct);
await _http.PostAsJsonAsync("/audit", rows.Count, ct);
return Ok(rows);
}
ASP.NET Core binds the token to HttpContext.RequestAborted, so if the user closes the browser the token is cancelled and EF Core and HttpClient stop work, saving database and CPU time.
17
Show the difference between ROW_NUMBER, RANK and DENSE_RANK with a query.
SELECT Name, Department, Salary,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Department ORDER BY Salary DESC) AS RowNum,
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY Department ORDER BY Salary DESC) AS Rnk,
DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY Department ORDER BY Salary DESC) AS DenseRnk
FROM Employees;
-- salaries 90, 90, 80 give
-- ROW_NUMBER: 1, 2, 3
-- RANK: 1, 1, 3
-- DENSE_RANK: 1, 1, 2
PARTITION BY restarts numbering for each department.
18
A query that used to run in 1 second now takes 30 seconds. How do you troubleshoot it?
Capture the actual execution plan and look for table or index scans on large tables, key lookups, big differences between estimated and actual rows, and warnings like implicit conversions or spills to tempdb. Check missing or fragmented indexes and outdated statistics, and update them. Use Query Store to compare the old and new plans; if a plan regressed, you can force the good plan while fixing the root cause.
19
Explain eager, lazy and explicit loading in EF Core.
Eager loading fetches related data in the same query using Include and ThenInclude, for example orders with their items. Lazy loading loads a navigation property automatically the first time you access it, requiring proxies and virtual properties; it is convenient but easily causes N+1 queries. Explicit loading loads a navigation on demand with Entry(order).Collection(o => o.Items).LoadAsync(). Projection with Select is often better than all three.
20
What is the difference between Select and SelectMany?
Select projects each element to one result, so a list of customers mapped to their orders gives a list of lists. SelectMany projects each element to a sequence and flattens all sequences into one, so customers.SelectMany(c => c.Orders) gives a single list of all orders. In EF Core, SelectMany over a navigation collection translates to a SQL join, which is handy for reports.
21
Implement global exception handling that returns ProblemDetails.
int count = 0;
Parallel.For(0, 100_000, _ => count++);
Console.WriteLine(count); // often less than 100000
int safe = 0;
Parallel.For(0, 100_000, _ => Interlocked.Increment(ref safe));
Console.WriteLine(safe); // always 100000
count++ is a read, add and write, so two threads can read the same value and lose an update. Interlocked performs the increment atomically without a full lock.
23
Why should we hire you as a .NET full stack developer?
I can contribute on both sides of a feature: I have built ASP.NET Core APIs with EF Core and SQL Server, and front ends in Angular and React, and deployed them myself. I write clean, tested code and I am comfortable reading logs and execution plans when things break. I learn quickly, ask questions early and take ownership, so you can give me a module and trust that it will be completed properly.
Value types such as int, double, bool, enums and structs hold their data directly, and assigning one copies the value. Reference types such as classes, arrays, strings and delegates hold a reference to an object on the managed heap, so assigning copies only the reference. Changing a copied struct does not affect the original, but changing an object through a copied reference changes what both variables see.
INNER JOIN returns rows that match in both tables. LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table plus matches from the right, with NULLs where there is no match. RIGHT JOIN is the mirror. FULL OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both sides. CROSS JOIN returns every combination. A self join joins a table to itself, such as employees to their managers. LEFT JOIN with WHERE right.Id IS NULL finds unmatched rows.
26
Write a stored procedure that transfers money between accounts with TRY-CATCH and a transaction.
CREATE OR ALTER PROCEDURE usp_Transfer @From INT, @To INT, @Amt DECIMAL(18,2)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET XACT_ABORT ON;
BEGIN TRY
BEGIN TRAN;
UPDATE Accounts SET Balance = Balance - @Amt
WHERE Id = @From AND Balance >= @Amt;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 THROW 50001, 'Insufficient balance', 1;
UPDATE Accounts SET Balance = Balance + @Amt WHERE Id = @To;
COMMIT;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
IF @@TRANCOUNT > 0 ROLLBACK;
THROW;
END CATCH
END
27
What is SQL injection and how do you prevent it in a .NET application?
SQL injection happens when user input is concatenated into SQL text, letting attackers change the query, for example entering ' OR 1=1 -- in a login box. Prevent it by always using parameters: SqlCommand with SqlParameter, EF Core LINQ, FromSql with interpolation, or Dapper parameters. Also use least-privilege database accounts, validate input and never show raw database errors to users. Stored procedures help only if they also avoid dynamic SQL concatenation.
A delegate is a type-safe reference to a method with a specific signature, similar to a function pointer but checked by the compiler. You can pass methods as parameters, store them and call them later. Delegates can be multicast, holding several methods that run in order. Lambdas, LINQ, events and callbacks are all built on delegates, and the built-in Func and Action types cover most needs.
29
What is the difference between .NET Framework, .NET Core and modern .NET?
.NET Framework is the original Windows-only runtime, now in maintenance mode at version 4.8.1. .NET Core was the cross-platform, open-source rewrite. From .NET 5 onwards the name became just .NET, and it runs on Windows, Linux and macOS. In 2026, .NET 10 is the current LTS release. New projects should use modern .NET; Framework is kept only for legacy apps such as old Web Forms or WCF services.
An event is a delegate wrapped with restricted access. Outside the class, subscribers can only add or remove handlers with += and -=; they cannot invoke the event or overwrite the whole list with =. This protects the publisher. The standard pattern uses EventHandler<TEventArgs> with sender and args. Remember to unsubscribe long-lived subscriptions, otherwise the publisher keeps subscribers alive and causes memory leaks.
31
Show bulk update and delete with ExecuteUpdate and ExecuteDelete.
// mark all unpaid invoices older than 30 days as overdue
int updated = await db.Invoices
.Where(i => !i.IsPaid && i.DueDate < DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(-30))
.ExecuteUpdateAsync(s => s
.SetProperty(i => i.Status, "Overdue")
.SetProperty(i => i.UpdatedAt, DateTime.UtcNow));
// delete old logs
int deleted = await db.AuditLogs
.Where(l => l.CreatedAt < cutoff)
.ExecuteDeleteAsync();
These run a single SQL UPDATE or DELETE without loading entities, available since EF Core 7. They bypass the change tracker.
32
What is the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy?
A shallow copy duplicates the object but its reference fields still point to the same child objects; MemberwiseClone and record with-expressions do this. A deep copy duplicates the whole object graph, so changes to the copy never affect the original. Deep copies are usually written by hand or by serialising and deserialising. ICloneable is avoided because it does not say which kind of copy it returns.
33
What are record types and when would you use them?
Records are reference types (or record struct for value types) designed for immutable data. The compiler generates value-based equality, a readable ToString, a deconstructor and support for with-expressions that create a modified copy. A positional record is one line: public record Order(int Id, decimal Total). They suit DTOs, API responses, events and value objects, but not EF Core entities that need change tracking by identity.
LINQ, Language Integrated Query, lets you query collections, databases, XML and other sources with the same C# syntax using methods like Where, Select, OrderBy and GroupBy. Queries are type-checked at compile time and read close to the intent, for example orders.Where(o => o.Total > 500).OrderBy(o => o.Date). With EF Core, the same LINQ expression is translated into SQL, so you rarely write raw SQL strings.
Single Responsibility: a class has one reason to change. Open/Closed: extend behaviour without editing existing code. Liskov Substitution: derived types must work wherever the base type is expected. Interface Segregation: prefer small, focused interfaces over one fat interface. Dependency Inversion: depend on abstractions, not concrete classes. In ASP.NET Core, injecting IEmailSender into a controller instead of creating SmtpClient directly applies dependency inversion.
36
Write a LINQ query that joins orders with customers and returns customer name and order total.
var result = orders
.Join(customers,
o => o.CustomerId,
c => c.Id,
(o, c) => new { c.Name, o.Total })
.ToList();
// query syntax
var result2 = (from o in orders
join c in customers on o.CustomerId equals c.Id
select new { c.Name, o.Total }).ToList();
Join is an inner join. For a left join use GroupJoin with DefaultIfEmpty, or the LeftJoin operator added in .NET 10.
Which companies hire .NET Full Stack professionals in Nagpur?
Companies with large offices in Nagpur include Persistent Systems. Use their company pages below to practise employer-specific sets.
Are .NET Full Stack interviews in Nagpur different from other cities?
The questions depend more on the company than the city. Nagpur's mix of employers decides the style: Interviews are usually service-company style, with aptitude, technical and HR rounds
How do I find .NET Full Stack jobs in Nagpur?
Shortlist companies with Nagpur offices, keep your CV focused on .NET Full Stack projects, apply on company career pages and job portals with the Nagpur filter, and practise the questions on this page before each interview.