01
What does the optional chaining operator do?
Show answer
obj?.a?.b safely reads nested properties and returns undefined instead of throwing if something in the chain is missing.
CGI Playwright Testing Interview Questions & Answers
Curated interview practice questions with answers. These are practice scenarios, not a verified list of past interview questions.
About CGI hiring for Playwright Testing roles
CGI is a Canadian IT and business consulting services company providing systems integration, managed services, and software solutions. Its India global delivery centres support clients in government, banking, utilities and manufacturing. It hires in India for software engineers, test engineers, data analysts and support engineers.
For Playwright Testing roles, this CGI practice set focuses most on JavaScript and TypeScript (9), Playwright Core (6), Locators and Assertions (6), Framework Design and CI/CD (4). It has 13 easy, 24 medium, 3 hard questions, so you can start easy and work up to the harder ones.
- Company type
- IT services
- Headquarters
- Montreal, Canada
- Main India offices
- Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chennai, Mumbai
CGI Playwright Testing interview process
- Online assessment (aptitude + technical)
- Technical interview
- Managerial round
- HR round
Typical pattern based on public candidate experiences. Rounds vary by role, team and year.
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02
What are closures?
Show answer
A function that remembers variables from its outer scope even after that scope has finished. They are used for private state and factory helpers.
03
What does page.pause() do?
Show answer
page.pause() stops the test at that line and opens the Inspector, as long as the test is running headed. You can then inspect the page, try locators and resume or step forward. It is useful for checking the state just before a failing step. Remove it before committing, because it would hang a headless CI run.
04
How is a Playwright component test different from a Jest unit test with jsdom?
Show answer
jsdom is a JavaScript imitation of the DOM running in Node, so layout, CSS, real focus and many browser APIs are missing or fake. A Playwright component test renders in real Chromium, Firefox or WebKit, so visibility, scrolling, styles and keyboard behaviour are real. The cost is a build step and a browser, so it is slower than jsdom. Pure logic and hooks are still cheaper in unit tests.
05
Tell me about a time you refactored duplicated setup into fixtures.
Show answer
Situation: forty test files each repeated twenty lines of login and data setup. Task: reduce duplication and maintenance. Action: I created fixtures for the logged-in page, a test customer and page objects, migrated files in small reviewed pull requests and wrote a short guide. Result: test files became half the size and setup changes now touch one file.
06
What is the difference between click and dispatchEvent?
Show answer
click simulates a real user click with actionability checks; dispatchEvent fires a DOM event directly without those checks.
07
What is the difference between ES modules and CommonJS?
Show answer
ES modules use import and export and are the modern standard, loaded statically. CommonJS uses require and module.exports and is the older Node.js style. Playwright supports both, and TypeScript test projects usually write import syntax. Mixing them causes errors such as require is not defined, so set type in package.json and tsconfig consistently.
08
Write a GitHub Actions job that runs the suite in four shards.
Show answer
jobs:
e2e:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
shard: [1, 2, 3, 4]
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-node@v4
- run: npm ci && npx playwright install --with-deps
- run: npx playwright test --shard=${{ matrix.shard }}/4 --reporter=blob
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: blob-${{ matrix.shard }}
path: blob-report
09
What is locator strictness in Playwright?
Show answer
Locators are strict: an action such as click or fill throws a strict mode violation if the locator matches more than one element. This prevents a test from silently clicking the wrong item. Fix it by making the locator more specific with a name, filter or chaining. Methods like count(), all() or first() are allowed to work with many matches on purpose.
10
What is an ARIA snapshot and how does toMatchAriaSnapshot work?
Show answer
An ARIA snapshot is a YAML description of the accessibility tree for a part of the page: roles, names and states such as checked or level. toMatchAriaSnapshot compares the live tree of a locator against that template, and partial templates or regular expressions can be used for changing text. It tests structure and semantics, so it survives styling changes that would break a pixel screenshot.
11
How does visual testing work in Playwright?
Show answer
await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot('home.png') compares against a baseline image; tune maxDiffPixels and mask dynamic areas like dates.
12
What does a Playwright trace contain?
Show answer
A trace contains every action with its timing, DOM snapshots before and after each action, screenshots in a filmstrip, console messages, network requests with headers and bodies, the source line of each step and the error. Because the DOM snapshots are real, you can inspect elements after the run. It is usually the fastest way to understand a CI failure.
13
What are discriminated unions and how can they model API responses?
Show answer
A discriminated union is a union of object types that share one literal field, such as status: 'ok' with data, or status: 'error' with a message. Checking the status field narrows the type, so TypeScript only allows data in the ok branch. In test helpers this forces you to handle the error case and prevents reading fields that do not exist.
14
What are template literals?
Show answer
Strings in backticks that allow embedded expressions like `Hello ${name}` and multi-line text, useful for building dynamic locators and URLs.
15
What actionability checks does Playwright run before a click?
Show answer
Before clicking, Playwright waits until the element is attached, visible, stable (not animating), enabled and able to receive events (not covered by another element). It also scrolls it into view. fill checks for an editable element. If the checks are not met before the timeout, the action fails with a log of what was missing.
16
What are web-first assertions?
Show answer
Assertions like expect(locator).toBeVisible() that retry until they pass or time out, unlike one-off checks.
17
What is the difference between null and undefined?
Show answer
undefined means a variable has not been assigned; null is an intentional empty value.
18
What does the reportSlowTests option do?
Show answer
reportSlowTests makes Playwright list test files that took longer than a threshold at the end of the run. You set max, the number of files to show, and threshold in milliseconds, for example { max: 5, threshold: 60000 }. It is a cheap way to find files worth splitting, because one slow file can hold up a worker or a whole shard.
19
What does the mount fixture return?
Show answer
mount renders the component into the test page and returns a locator pointing at the component root. You can call getByRole, click, and use web-first assertions on it like any locator. It also has helpers: update to re-render with new props or children, and unmount to remove it. Because it is a locator, the auto-waiting and retry behaviour of end-to-end tests applies here too.
20
What are the key options in playwright.config.ts?
Show answer
Main options are testDir for where tests live, timeout, retries, workers, fullyParallel, reporter, and the use block for shared settings like baseURL, trace, screenshot and video. projects define browsers or setups, and webServer can start the app before tests. Most values can depend on process.env.CI so local and CI runs behave differently.
21
How do you shard tests across machines?
Show answer
Use npx playwright test --shard=1/4 in each CI job and merge reports afterwards to reduce total run time.
22
Design a Playwright framework for a 500-test suite.
Show answer
TypeScript + POM + custom fixtures, environment configs, API helpers for test data, tags like @smoke, sharding across CI machines, retries with traces, HTML/Allure reports, lint and review rules.
23
How do you handle GraphQL APIs in Playwright?
Show answer
POST the query and variables as JSON to the single endpoint and assert both data and errors fields in the response.
24
How can you view a trace file without a local Playwright install?
Show answer
Open trace.playwright.dev in a browser and drag the trace zip onto the page. It is a static web app that loads the trace locally in the browser, so the file is not uploaded to a server. This lets developers or managers look at a failed CI run quickly. For full features and offline use, npx playwright show-trace works too.
25
When should you use getByTestId?
Show answer
Use getByTestId when no user-facing locator is stable or unique, for example icon-only buttons, dynamic grids or canvas wrappers. It matches the data-testid attribute by default, and you can change the attribute name with testIdAttribute in the config. Test ids are very stable but users never see them, so prefer role, label or text first and keep test ids as a fallback.
26
How do you filter a list of locators by text or by a child element?
Show answer
// pick one product card from many
const card = page.getByRole('listitem')
.filter({ hasText: 'Wireless Mouse' })
.filter({ has: page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Add to cart' }) });
await card.getByRole('button', { name: 'Add to cart' }).click();
// hasNotText and hasNot exclude matches
27
How do you validate JSON schema?
Show answer
Use a library such as zod or ajv to define the expected schema and parse the response to fail on missing or wrongly typed fields.
28
What happens if you forget an await?
Show answer
The action runs without waiting, so the next step may run first — causing flaky failures or 'Target closed' errors. The @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises rule catches it.
29
What is the difference between TypeScript and JavaScript?
Show answer
TypeScript adds static types on top of JavaScript and compiles to it. Types catch errors early and give better autocomplete, which helps in larger test suites.
30
What is the difference between toHaveText and toContainText?
Show answer
toHaveText checks that the element's full text matches the expected string or regex, after normalising whitespace. toContainText passes if the expected text appears anywhere inside it. Use toHaveText for exact labels like a heading, and toContainText for longer messages where only part matters. Both are web-first assertions, so they retry until the timeout before failing.
31
How do you mock a paginated endpoint that returns different data per page?
Show answer
await page.route('**/api/products?*', route => {
const url = new URL(route.request().url());
const p = Number(url.searchParams.get('page') ?? 1);
const items = Array.from({ length: 10 }, (_, i) => ({ id: (p - 1) * 10 + i }));
return route.fulfill({ json: { items, hasNext: p < 3 } });
});
32
How do you select an option from a native select dropdown?
Show answer
const country = page.getByLabel('Country');
await country.selectOption('India'); // by value or label
await country.selectOption({ label: 'India' });
await expect(country).toHaveValue('IN');
// multi-select: selectOption(['a', 'b'])
33
How do you provide page objects as fixtures?
Show answer
type Pages = { loginPage: LoginPage; cartPage: CartPage };
export const test = base.extend<Pages>({
loginPage: async ({ page }, use) => {
await use(new LoginPage(page));
},
cartPage: async ({ page }, use) => {
await use(new CartPage(page));
},
});
// test('x', async ({ loginPage }) => { ... })
34
Which methods does the Playwright Reporter interface provide?
Show answer
The main ones are onBegin with the config and full suite, onTestBegin and onTestEnd for each test, onStepBegin and onStepEnd for steps, onStdOut and onStdErr for output, onError for errors outside tests and onEnd with the overall result. onEnd can be async, so you can send results to an API before the process exits. You register the reporter by path in the reporter config.
35
How do you work with iframes?
Show answer
const frame = page.frameLocator('#payment-frame');
await frame.getByLabel('Card number').fill('4111 1111 1111 1111');
36
What do beforeAll and afterAll do?
Show answer
beforeAll runs once before the tests in its file or describe block, and afterAll runs once after them. In Playwright they run once per worker, so if tests are spread over workers they can run more than once. They suit cheap shared setup. They cannot use test-scoped fixtures like page, so open your own page from the browser fixture if needed.
37
Tell me about a time you automated a difficult UI flow.
Show answer
Situation: a booking page had a custom calendar, drag-to-select seats and a timer. Task: automate the full booking. Action: I used role locators for the calendar, mouse actions for seat selection and page.clock to control the timer, keeping each part in a page object method. Result: the flow ran reliably in CI and replaced a 20-minute manual check.
38
What is a locator in Playwright?
Show answer
An object describing how to find an element, re-evaluated on every action so it always targets the current DOM.
39
What is async/await?
Show answer
Syntax over Promises: an async function returns a Promise and await pauses until it resolves. Every Playwright action returns a Promise, so you await each step.
40
What are projects in playwright.config?
Show answer
Named configurations that run the same tests across different browsers, devices or environments.
Tips to crack the CGI Playwright Testing interview
- Revise core programming, SQL and testing basics, as CGI roles often involve maintaining and testing enterprise systems.
- Learn about CGI's member-ownership model, where employees are called members and can buy shares.
- Prepare clear examples of teamwork and client communication, which are important in CGI's consulting culture.
- Keep a one-minute story ready for every project on your CV: problem, your part, tools, result.
- Practise the hard questions on this page aloud; CGI interviewers usually ask follow-ups on your first answer.
Frequently asked questions
How many rounds are there in the CGI Playwright Testing interview?
Candidates usually go through 4 stages: Online assessment (aptitude + technical); Technical interview; Managerial round; HR round. The exact rounds change with the role, team, location and your experience, so confirm the process with the recruiter.
Which topics should I prepare for the CGI Playwright Testing interview?
This practice set leans on JavaScript and TypeScript (9), Playwright Core (6), Locators and Assertions (6), Framework Design and CI/CD (4). Revise those first, then practise explaining one or two of your own projects end to end, because most CGI interviewers ask you to walk through real work.
Are these the exact questions asked at CGI?
No. These are curated practice questions that match the skills and difficulty usually tested in it services interviews like CGI's. They are not a leaked or verified list of past questions.
Where does CGI hire Playwright Testing professionals in India?
CGI has large teams in Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chennai, Mumbai. Openings and locations change often, so check the CGI careers page and filter by city and experience.
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