Wipro Playwright Testing Interview Questions & Answers

Both describe object shapes. Interfaces can be extended and merged; type aliases can also describe unions and primitives. Use interfaces for page or test-data shapes, types for unions.

Declarations of var and functions are moved to the top of their scope at compile time; let and const are hoisted but stay in the temporal dead zone until declared.

Install the allure-playwright reporter, add it in the config reporters array and generate the report from the allure-results folder in CI.

Files run in parallel by default; set workers in the config and use test.describe.configure({ mode: 'parallel' }) for tests inside a file.

Strings in backticks that allow embedded expressions like `Hello ${name}` and multi-line text, useful for building dynamic locators and URLs.

The object behind the request fixture that holds base URL, headers and cookies, and can share cookies with a browser context.

In a fixture or beforeEach, call the API (request.post) to create the user or order, use it in the UI test, then delete it in teardown. It is faster and more reliable than creating data through the UI.

await page.route('**/api/users', route => route.fulfill({ status: 200, json: [{ id: 1, name: 'Test' }] }) );

Add retries with backoff for the API step, set a suitable timeout, and use mocks for non-critical dependencies.

Set them in the context options (geolocation, permissions, timezoneId, locale) to simulate users from other regions.

setInputFiles on the input for uploads; for downloads wait on page.waitForEvent('download') and save or inspect the file.

Create test data through API calls, verify it in the UI and clean up via API, which makes UI tests faster and more reliable.

Playwright supports multiple browsers, tabs, languages and has auto-waiting and tracing; Selenium has the widest ecosystem; Cypress runs in-browser with a great UI but has more limits across tabs.

A type alias describes a shape or union of values; an enum creates a named set of constants that exists at runtime.

Functions that take other functions as arguments or return them, such as map, filter and reduce, or a helper that wraps retry logic around a test step.

Capture the download event, save it with download.saveAs, then read the file in Node and assert on name, size or content.

Use page.frameLocator('#frame').getByRole(...) so actions work inside the iframe with auto-waiting.

Log in once in global setup, save storageState to a JSON file and set use.storageState in the config so every test starts logged in.

const [download] = await Promise.all([ page.waitForEvent('download'), page.getByText('Export').click(), ]); await download.saveAs('reports/file.csv');

Turn on trace: 'on-first-retry', open the trace viewer, check network and timing, replace hard waits with web-first assertions, isolate test data and check for sharding conflicts.

Use expect(page).toHaveScreenshot() to compare with stored baselines, with thresholds and masks for dynamic regions.

await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot('home.png') compares against a baseline image; tune maxDiffPixels and mask dynamic areas like dates.

TypeScript adds static types on top of JavaScript and compiles to it. Types catch errors early and give better autocomplete, which helps in larger test suites.

string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol, bigint and object (including arrays and functions).

Define projects for chromium, firefox and webkit in playwright.config.ts, set workers, then run: npx playwright test

User-facing ones: getByRole, getByText, getByLabel, getByPlaceholder and getByTestId, which are more resilient than CSS or XPath.

An open-source end-to-end testing framework from Microsoft that automates Chromium, Firefox and WebKit through one API, in multiple languages.

Fixtures set up and tear down test dependencies. Extend with test.extend({ loggedInPage: async ({ page }, use) => { ...; await use(page); } }).

test.step groups actions into named steps in reports; annotations such as test.skip, test.fixme and test.slow communicate intent and adjust behaviour.

Syntax over Promises: an async function returns a Promise and await pauses until it resolves. Every Playwright action returns a Promise, so you await each step.

Cover happy path, validation errors, auth and permissions, boundary values, idempotency, schema, performance and data cleanup.

map transforms each item, filter keeps items that match a condition, and reduce combines all items into a single value.

test('login', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('/login'); await page.getByLabel('Email').fill('a@b.com'); await page.getByLabel('Password').fill('secret'); await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Login' }).click(); await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Dashboard' })).toBeVisible(); });

Click to open the control, then use getByRole('option') or a text locator for the target item, instead of relying on fragile index-based selectors.

Set retries in the config or CLI and failed tests re-run in a fresh context, with trace recorded on first retry to diagnose flakiness.

Assertions like expect(locator).toBeVisible() that retry until they pass or time out, unlike one-off checks.

A Locator is lazy, re-resolved on every action and auto-waits (recommended). An ElementHandle points to one DOM node and can go stale.

const [newPage] = await Promise.all([ context.waitForEvent('page'), page.getByText('Open').click(), ]); await newPage.waitForLoadState();

Send invalid payloads or missing auth and assert 400, 401 or 404 codes and the error message bodies.

await request.post('/api/users', { data: { name: 'Asha' } }) automatically sets JSON headers and serialises the payload.

Placeholders for types that make reusable code type-safe, for example a helper function returning the same type of item that it receives.

Use environment variables or .env files, a baseURL in config, API calls for setup and cleanup, and unique data per run.

Use try-catch with await, or .catch() on promises, and make sure rejected promises are never left unhandled.

Before acting, Playwright waits for the element to be attached, visible, stable, enabled and able to receive events — so manual waits are rarely needed.

Use dotenv files per environment, read them in playwright.config and set baseURL and credentials from variables, selecting with an ENV flag.

npm is the Node package manager. package.json lists the project's dependencies and scripts, such as the command that runs the tests.

An object describing how to find an element, re-evaluated on every action so it always targets the current DOM.

Log in with request.post, call request.storageState(), and create a browser context using that state.

Use npx playwright test --shard=1/4 in each CI job and merge reports afterwards to reduce total run time.

page.route('**/api/items', route => route.fulfill({ json: [...] })) intercepts and replies with test data; route.abort() simulates failures.

Named configurations that run the same tests across different browsers, devices or environments.

Use timeout and expect.timeout in config, test.setTimeout() for one test and test.slow() for known slower tests.

Record timestamps around the request or use response timing, then assert the duration is under an agreed threshold.

Run in parallel with sharding, reuse authentication state, set up data through APIs, avoid unnecessary waits, run smoke on every commit and the full suite nightly.

Integrate axe-core through @axe-core/playwright, run an analysis on the page and assert that there are no violations.

A class receives page in its constructor, stores locators as properties and exposes actions like login(user, pass). Tests call page objects, not raw locators.

It records screenshots, DOM snapshots, network calls and actions per step so you can replay a failed run and see exactly what happened.

A browser is the engine instance; a context is an isolated session (cookies, storage); a page is a tab inside a context.

Run npm init playwright@latest, which sets up config, example tests and browsers; execute with npx playwright test.

Log in once in a setup project, save storageState to a file and reuse it in other projects or tests.

Both describe the shape of data. Interfaces are extendable and suit object contracts; type aliases can also model unions and primitives.

Wait for the popup event with const [popup] = await Promise.all([page.waitForEvent('popup'), page.click('a')]), then interact with popup.

A function that remembers variables from its outer scope even after that scope has finished. They are used for private state and factory helpers.

Use the request fixture: const res = await request.get('/api/users'); expect(res.ok()).toBeTruthy(); const body = await res.json();

obj?.a?.b safely reads nested properties and returns undefined instead of throwing if something in the chain is missing.

undefined means a variable has not been assigned; null is an intentional empty value.

Playwright locators pierce open shadow roots by default, so getByRole and CSS locators work without special handling.

Separate tests, page objects, fixtures, utilities, test data and config; use tags, projects, shared auth setup, linting, code review and a CI pipeline with sharding and reports.

Use --debug or the Inspector, page.pause(), UI mode, the trace viewer and headed runs with slowMo.

Create a class that takes a page, defines locators as properties and exposes action methods; instantiate it in a fixture for clean tests.

all waits for every promise and rejects on the first failure; allSettled waits for all and reports each outcome; race settles with the first one to finish.

JavaScript runs one call stack and uses queues for async work; the event loop pushes callbacks from the microtask (promises) and task queues when the stack is empty.

A short function syntax that does not have its own this and arguments, taking them from the surrounding scope.

API testing checks services directly and is fast and stable; UI testing checks the full user experience in the browser and is slower.

Auto-waiting, a built-in test runner, Chromium/Firefox/WebKit with one API, network interception, the trace viewer and parallel runs out of the box — usually faster and less flaky.

npx playwright test tests/login.spec.ts, add -g "test title" to match a name, or use test.only while debugging.

locator.hover() and locator.dragTo(target) perform these actions, with auto-waiting for actionability.

Scripts that run once before or after the whole run, for seeding data, starting services or creating authentication state.