Curated interview practice questions with answers. These are practice scenarios, not a verified list of past interview questions.
About Wipro hiring for Power BI roles
Wipro is an Indian multinational technology services and consulting company providing IT, cloud, cybersecurity, engineering and data analytics services to enterprises worldwide. Its delivery teams work on application development, quality engineering and data platforms for clients in sectors like banking, healthcare and energy. In India it hires for testing, data analysis, support and development roles through programmes such as Wipro Elite NTH.
For Power BI roles, this Wipro practice set focuses most on DAX Fundamentals (7), Power Query and Data Transformation (6), Visualisation and Report Design (4), Power BI Fundamentals (4). It has 14 easy, 15 medium, 1 hard questions, so you can start easy and work up to the harder ones.
Company type
IT services
Headquarters
Bengaluru, India
Main India offices
Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, Chennai, Kolkata
Wipro Power BI interview process
Online assessment (aptitude + written communication)
Coding test
Technical interview
HR round
Typical pattern based on public candidate experiences. Rounds vary by role, team and year.
Solved for WiproStart practicing
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01
What is the difference between sharing a report, publishing an app and using a workspace?
A workspace is where creators collaborate. Direct sharing gives one person or group access to a single report, which is quick but hard to govern at scale. An app packages reports and dashboards from a workspace for consumers, with audiences controlling who sees which content, and updates only when republished. Apps are the recommended way to distribute content to large business audiences.
A good dashboard answers specific questions for a specific audience. Put the most important KPIs at the top left, follow a logical flow from summary to detail, use a few consistent colours with one highlight colour, and choose simple visuals like bar and line charts. Remove clutter such as 3D effects and heavy borders, label clearly, show context like targets or last year, and keep each page to a manageable number of visuals.
Row context means DAX is evaluating one row at a time, which happens in calculated columns and iterators like SUMX, so you can refer to column values of the current row. Filter context is the set of filters applied to the model from slicers, visual rows, columns and CALCULATE. Measures are evaluated in filter context. Row context does not filter the model unless converted by context transition.
VAR defines a named value inside an expression and RETURN gives the final result. Variables make measures easier to read, avoid repeating the same calculation, which improves performance, and help debugging because you can return an intermediate variable. A variable is evaluated once in the context where it is defined, so its value does not change if later CALCULATE filters are applied.
05
What is the difference between fact and dimension tables?
Fact tables store measurable events at a defined grain, such as one row per order line, with numeric columns like quantity and amount and foreign keys to dimensions. Dimension tables store descriptive attributes used for filtering and grouping, such as product name, category, region or calendar month, with one row per key. Facts are usually long and narrow; dimensions are shorter and wider.
Query folding is when Power Query translates transformation steps into a native source query, such as SQL, so the source does the work and only the result is loaded. It makes refreshes much faster and is required for incremental refresh and efficient DirectQuery. Steps like filtering, removing columns and grouping usually fold on SQL sources, while some custom M functions or adding an index column can break folding.
07
A manager wants a single KPI view combining sales, HR and finance reports. What do you build?
I would build a dashboard in the Power BI Service and pin the key KPI tiles from each report, so the manager sees all areas on one page and can click through to details. If the KPIs need cross-filtering together, a better option is a summary report built on a shared model or composite model that combines the needed tables, published inside an app.
08
How do you run a DAX query in DAX Studio to test a measure?
EVALUATE
SUMMARIZECOLUMNS(
'Date'[Fiscal Year],
'Product'[Category],
"Sales", [Total Sales],
"Margin", [Margin %]
)
ORDER BY 'Date'[Fiscal Year]
Turn on Server Timings and Clear cache before running to see storage engine and formula engine time. The same EVALUATE syntax works in the DAX query view in Desktop.
09
Write a measure that counts customers with sales above 10,000.
Big Customers =
COUNTROWS(
FILTER(
VALUES(Customer[CustomerID]),
[Total Sales] > 10000
)
)
Iterating VALUES of the customer key keeps the loop small and respects current filters such as year or region.
RELATED fetches a value from the one side of a relationship into a row context on the many side, such as RELATED('Product'[Category]) in a Sales calculated column. RELATEDTABLE goes the other way, returning the related rows from the many side for the current row, often wrapped in COUNTROWS to count a customer's orders. Both need an existing relationship and a row context.
11
What is the difference between SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR, DATEADD and PARALLELPERIOD?
SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR shifts the current dates back exactly one year. DATEADD shifts by any number of days, months, quarters or years, such as DATEADD('Date'[Date], -1, MONTH) for last month. PARALLELPERIOD also shifts by an interval but returns the full shifted period, for example the whole previous quarter even if only one month is selected. Choose based on whether partial periods should be compared.
12
What is Power BI and what are its main components?
Power BI is a business intelligence platform for connecting to data, modelling it and building interactive reports and dashboards. Main components are Power BI Desktop for building reports, Power BI Service (part of Microsoft Fabric) for publishing, sharing and refresh, Power BI Mobile apps for viewing, the on-premises data gateway for refreshing local sources, and Power BI Report Server for fully on-premises hosting of paginated and Power BI reports.
13
What is the difference between a report and a dashboard in Power BI?
A report is a multi-page, fully interactive document built on one semantic model, with slicers, filters, drill-through and cross-highlighting. A dashboard is a single-page canvas in the Power BI Service made of pinned tiles that can come from several reports and models; it is used for a quick at-a-glance view. Dashboards are created only in the Service, while reports are usually built in Desktop.
14
How do you choose the right chart type in Power BI?
Match the chart to the question. Use bar or column charts to compare categories, line charts for trends over time, stacked bars for part-to-whole across few categories, scatter charts for relationships, maps only for true geographic patterns, cards and KPI visuals for single numbers, and tables or matrices when users need exact values. Avoid pie charts with more than four or five slices.
15
How do you design a KPI card that shows value, target and variance?
Use the new Card visual or a KPI visual with a main measure such as Total Sales, a target measure and a variance percent measure. Add conditional formatting so the variance turns red below target and green above it, and include a small trend if space allows. Keep labels short, such as Sales vs Target, and show the comparison period in the subtitle.
16
Users say the report shows yesterday's data even after a refresh. How do you troubleshoot?
I would check the refresh history in the Service for errors or whether the refresh actually ran, confirm the gateway is online and has valid credentials, and verify the source itself has the latest data. Then check for cached dashboard tiles, query caching, or an incremental refresh policy that excludes recent days. Also confirm users are viewing the right workspace or app version, which may need republishing.
17
What is the difference between ALL, ALLEXCEPT and REMOVEFILTERS?
ALL returns all rows of a table or column ignoring filters, and as a CALCULATE argument it removes filters, useful for percent of total. REMOVEFILTERS does the same removal but only as a CALCULATE modifier and reads more clearly. ALLEXCEPT removes all filters from a table except the listed columns, such as keeping the Year filter while removing others. ALLSELECTED keeps filters from outside the visual, like slicers.
Time intelligence functions compare values across periods using a proper date table, for example year-to-date, same period last year, moving averages and quarter-over-quarter growth. Key functions are TOTALYTD, DATESYTD, SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR, DATEADD, PARALLELPERIOD and DATESINPERIOD. They return sets of dates used as CALCULATE filters, so the date table must be contiguous, marked as a date table and related to the facts.
19
What is the difference between Group By in Power Query and summarising in DAX?
Group By in Power Query aggregates rows at refresh time and stores only the summarised table, reducing model size, which is useful when detail is never needed. Summarising in DAX through measures keeps detail in the model and aggregates dynamically for any filter at query time. Use Power Query grouping for fixed summaries such as monthly snapshots, and DAX measures when users need flexible slicing.
Calculation groups are reusable sets of calculation items that modify any measure, such as Current, YTD, Previous Year and YoY %, using SELECTEDMEASURE(). Instead of writing YTD versions of 30 measures, you write one item that applies to all. They can be created in Power BI Desktop model view or Tabular Editor. They reduce measure sprawl but change how measures behave, so naming and format strings need care.
Bookmarks capture the current state of a report page, including filters, slicers, visual visibility and sort order. They are used for storytelling, toggling between chart and table views with buttons, creating custom navigation, and resetting filters. Combined with the selection pane, they show and hide visuals. Too many bookmarks become hard to maintain, so field parameters are often a simpler alternative for switching measures.
Power Query is the data connection and transformation engine in Power BI, Excel, dataflows and Fabric Data Factory. It lets you connect to hundreds of sources and shape data with a recorded series of steps, such as removing columns, changing types, merging and unpivoting. Behind the interface each step is written in the M language. Steps re-run automatically on every refresh, making cleaning repeatable.
23
What is the difference between a calculated column and a measure?
A calculated column is computed row by row at refresh and stored in the model, so it uses memory and can be used in slicers, filters and relationships, for example Profit = Sales[Amount] - Sales[Cost]. A measure is computed at query time in the current filter context and is not stored, for example Total Profit = SUM(Sales[Profit]). Prefer measures for aggregations and use columns only when you need to slice by the value.
24
How do you split a full name column and clean text in Power Query?
Select the column, use Transform, Split Column by Delimiter (space, leftmost) to get first and last names. Then use Format, Trim and Clean to remove extra spaces and non-printable characters, and Capitalize Each Word for consistent case. In M:
= Table.TransformColumns(Source, {{"Name", each Text.Proper(Text.Trim(_)), type text}})
25
What are subscriptions and data alerts in the Power BI Service?
Subscriptions email a snapshot of a report page or dashboard to users on a schedule, or after data refresh, with a link to the live content. Data alerts notify users when a value on a dashboard card, KPI or gauge tile crosses a threshold, such as daily sales below a target. Paginated reports support subscriptions with attachments like PDF or Excel. Power Automate can extend alerts into workflows.
26
What is the difference between Merge Queries and Append Queries?
Merge is like a SQL join: it combines columns from two tables based on matching key columns, with join kinds like left outer, inner, full outer, left anti and right anti. Append stacks rows of tables with the same structure on top of each other, like a SQL UNION ALL, for example combining monthly sales files. Merge widens a table, append lengthens it.
27
What is a calculated table and when would you use one?
A calculated table is created with a DAX expression and stored in the model, recalculated at refresh. Examples are a date table using CALENDAR, a disconnected parameter table for what-if analysis, or a summary table. It is handy but adds memory, and it cannot use Power Query folding. For most shaping tasks, creating tables in the source or Power Query is preferred.
CALCULATE evaluates an expression in a modified filter context. Its filter arguments can add, replace or remove filters, for example CALCULATE([Total Sales], 'Product'[Category] = "Electronics") replaces any category filter with Electronics. It also performs context transition when used inside a row context, turning the current row into an equivalent filter. It is the most important function in DAX.
Only one active relationship can exist between two tables along a filter path; additional relationships become inactive and appear as dashed lines. For example, Sales may have OrderDate and ShipDate both linked to Date, with OrderDate active. An inactive relationship is used only inside a measure with USERELATIONSHIP, such as CALCULATE([Sales], USERELATIONSHIP(Sales[ShipDate], 'Date'[Date])).
Parameters are named values used inside queries, such as server name, database, file path or a date range. They let you switch from a development to a production database without editing each query, and they are required for incremental refresh through RangeStart and RangeEnd. Parameters can be changed in the Service under semantic model settings, which helps deployment pipelines between environments.
Tips to crack the Wipro Power BI interview
Prepare for the essay writing section in the online test by practising short, clear, grammatically correct essays on general topics.
Revise basic coding problems on strings and arrays plus fundamentals of DBMS, operating systems and computer networks.
Learn about Wipro's values, known as the Spirit of Wipro, and its focus areas such as cloud and cybersecurity.
Keep a one-minute story ready for every project on your CV: problem, your part, tools, result.
Practise the hard questions on this page aloud; Wipro interviewers usually ask follow-ups on your first answer.
Frequently asked questions
How many rounds are there in the Wipro Power BI interview?
Candidates usually go through 4 stages: Online assessment (aptitude + written communication); Coding test; Technical interview; HR round. The exact rounds change with the role, team, location and your experience, so confirm the process with the recruiter.
Which topics should I prepare for the Wipro Power BI interview?
This practice set leans on DAX Fundamentals (7), Power Query and Data Transformation (6), Visualisation and Report Design (4), Power BI Fundamentals (4). Revise those first, then practise explaining one or two of your own projects end to end, because most Wipro interviewers ask you to walk through real work.
Are these the exact questions asked at Wipro?
No. These are curated practice questions that match the skills and difficulty usually tested in it services interviews like Wipro's. They are not a leaked or verified list of past questions.
Where does Wipro hire Power BI professionals in India?
Wipro has large teams in Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, Chennai, Kolkata. Openings and locations change often, so check the Wipro careers page and filter by city and experience.