Curated interview practice questions with answers. These are practice scenarios, not a verified list of past interview questions.
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Verification: are we building the product right? (reviews, walkthroughs — no code run). Validation: are we building the right product? (actual testing against user needs).
02
What is the difference between alpha and beta testing?
SDLC is the full software development life cycle; STLC is the testing life cycle: requirement analysis, test planning, test design, environment setup, execution and closure.
08
What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE?
Testing services directly without the UI, checking status codes, responses, security and performance. It finds issues early and is faster than UI tests.
Testing shows presence of defects, exhaustive testing is impossible, test early, defects cluster, the pesticide paradox, testing is context-dependent and absence-of-errors is a fallacy.
Talk to developers and users, explore the product, review similar systems, create notes and mind maps, confirm assumptions and write test cases as you learn.
16
How do you test an application when requirements change frequently?
Functional testing checks what the system does (login, checkout). Non-functional testing checks how well it does it (performance, security, usability, compatibility).
A development model where each development phase has a matching testing phase, such as requirements with acceptance tests and design with integration tests.
Severity = impact on the system. Priority = urgency to fix.
Logo misspelt on the homepage → low severity, high priority.
Crash in a rarely used report → high severity, low priority.
Success, failure and pending flows, timeouts, refunds, double-click payments, every method (UPI, cards, net banking), rounding, security (no card data stored) and reconciliation with bank reports.
Internationalisation tests that the product can support many languages and formats; localisation tests that a specific locale is correct for text, currency, date and layout.
27
What is the difference between a test case and a test scenario?
Severity is impact on the system; priority is urgency of the fix. A crash in a rare report is high severity, low priority; a spelling mistake in the logo is low severity, high priority.
Sprint planning (estimate test effort), daily stand-up (status and blockers), sprint review (demo) and retrospective (improve). Testers clarify acceptance criteria early and test within the sprint.
An urgent patch released outside the normal schedule to fix a critical production defect, followed by regression testing and merge back to the main branch.
Status code, response body and schema, headers, response time, error messages for invalid input, authentication (401/403) and that data is saved in the database.
Reproduce and assess impact, inform stakeholders, help developers fix and verify in staging, run regression and check monitoring after the hotfix, then do a post-mortem.
Break the work into modules and test cases, use past velocity or three-point estimation (optimistic, likely, pessimistic), add time for test data, environment issues, retesting and regression, and keep a risk buffer.
55
What is the difference between smoke testing in CI and full regression?