Playwright Testing Interview Questions for Lead Roles (₹20–25 LPA)

beforeEach runs the same code before every test in scope; fixtures are lazy, composable and only set up what a test uses.

Synchronous code runs line by line and blocks; asynchronous code starts a task and continues, handling the result later with promises or await.

Syntax over Promises: an async function returns a Promise and await pauses until it resolves. Every Playwright action returns a Promise, so you await each step.

Install the allure-playwright reporter, add it in the config reporters array and generate the report from the allure-results folder in CI.

JavaScript runs one call stack and uses queues for async work; the event loop pushes callbacks from the microtask (promises) and task queues when the stack is empty.

Record timestamps around the request or use response timing, then assert the duration is under an agreed threshold.

Use --debug or the Inspector, page.pause(), UI mode, the trace viewer and headed runs with slowMo.

The object behind the request fixture that holds base URL, headers and cookies, and can share cookies with a browser context.

Turn on trace: 'on-first-retry', open the trace viewer, check network and timing, replace hard waits with web-first assertions, isolate test data and check for sharding conflicts.

Create a class that takes a page, defines locators as properties and exposes action methods; instantiate it in a fixture for clean tests.

const [download] = await Promise.all([ page.waitForEvent('download'), page.getByText('Export').click(), ]); await download.saveAs('reports/file.csv');

Playwright locators pierce open shadow roots by default, so getByRole and CSS locators work without special handling.

Before acting, Playwright waits for the element to be attached, visible, stable, enabled and able to receive events — so manual waits are rarely needed.

It records screenshots, DOM snapshots, network calls and actions per step so you can replay a failed run and see exactly what happened.

POST the query and variables as JSON to the single endpoint and assert both data and errors fields in the response.

Set them in the context options (geolocation, permissions, timezoneId, locale) to simulate users from other regions.

Fetch tokens in a fixture with expiry tracking and refresh it when it is about to expire, keeping tests unaware of the details.

all waits for every promise and rejects on the first failure; allSettled waits for all and reports each outcome; race settles with the first one to finish.

Log in once in a setup project, save storageState to a file and reuse it in other projects or tests.

Wait for the popup event with const [popup] = await Promise.all([page.waitForEvent('popup'), page.click('a')]), then interact with popup.

Assertions like expect(locator).toBeVisible() that retry until they pass or time out, unlike one-off checks.

Assert the status with expect(res.status()).toBe(200), parse res.json() and check fields, using schema validation for the structure.

setInputFiles on the input for uploads; for downloads wait on page.waitForEvent('download') and save or inspect the file.

Use timeout and expect.timeout in config, test.setTimeout() for one test and test.slow() for known slower tests.

User-facing ones: getByRole, getByText, getByLabel, getByPlaceholder and getByTestId, which are more resilient than CSS or XPath.

Click to open the control, then use getByRole('option') or a text locator for the target item, instead of relying on fragile index-based selectors.

obj?.a?.b safely reads nested properties and returns undefined instead of throwing if something in the chain is missing.

A type alias describes a shape or union of values; an enum creates a named set of constants that exists at runtime.

Use request.post with multipart: { file: { name, mimeType, buffer } } and assert the response and stored file details.

TypeScript + POM + custom fixtures, environment configs, API helpers for test data, tags like @smoke, sharding across CI machines, retries with traces, HTML/Allure reports, lint and review rules.

Set extraHTTPHeaders in the config or pass headers per request, for example Authorization: Bearer token fetched in a setup step.

Use npx playwright test --shard=1/4 in each CI job and merge reports afterwards to reduce total run time.

A short function syntax that does not have its own this and arguments, taking them from the surrounding scope.

Fixtures set up and tear down test dependencies. Extend with test.extend({ loggedInPage: async ({ page }, use) => { ...; await use(page); } }).

In a fixture or beforeEach, call the API (request.post) to create the user or order, use it in the UI test, then delete it in teardown. It is faster and more reliable than creating data through the UI.

List, dot, line, HTML, JSON and JUnit reporters, plus integrations such as Allure, configurable per environment.

Integrate axe-core through @axe-core/playwright, run an analysis on the page and assert that there are no violations.

await page.route('**/api/users', route => route.fulfill({ status: 200, json: [{ id: 1, name: 'Test' }] }) );

Use page.waitForResponse(res => res.url().includes('/api/orders') && res.ok()) together with the action that triggers it.

Read the next page link or IDs from earlier responses, loop until done and assert counts and uniqueness; pass IDs between calls in the same test.

map transforms each item, filter keeps items that match a condition, and reduce combines all items into a single value.

An object describing how to find an element, re-evaluated on every action so it always targets the current DOM.

test('login', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('/login'); await page.getByLabel('Email').fill('a@b.com'); await page.getByLabel('Password').fill('secret'); await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Login' }).click(); await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Dashboard' })).toBeVisible(); });

Send invalid payloads or missing auth and assert 400, 401 or 404 codes and the error message bodies.

Both describe the shape of data. Interfaces are extendable and suit object contracts; type aliases can also model unions and primitives.

Use a library such as zod or ajv to define the expected schema and parse the response to fail on missing or wrongly typed fields.

var is function-scoped and hoisted. let and const are block-scoped; const can't be reassigned (though an object it points to can change). Prefer const, then let.

Use environment variables or .env files, a baseURL in config, API calls for setup and cleanup, and unique data per run.

npm is the Node package manager. package.json lists the project's dependencies and scripts, such as the command that runs the tests.

Register page.on('dialog', d => d.accept()) before the action triggers the dialog.

A Locator is lazy, re-resolved on every action and auto-waits (recommended). An ElementHandle points to one DOM node and can go stale.

A function that remembers variables from its outer scope even after that scope has finished. They are used for private state and factory helpers.

Define an interface for the payload, cast or validate the parsed JSON to it (for example with zod), and use that type in assertions to catch shape changes.

Strings in backticks that allow embedded expressions like `Hello ${name}` and multi-line text, useful for building dynamic locators and URLs.

Auto-waiting, a built-in test runner, Chromium/Firefox/WebKit with one API, network interception, the trace viewer and parallel runs out of the box — usually faster and less flaky.

API testing checks services directly and is fast and stable; UI testing checks the full user experience in the browser and is slower.

npx playwright codegen records user actions and generates test code with suggested locators, handy for starting tests.

await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot('home.png') compares against a baseline image; tune maxDiffPixels and mask dynamic areas like dates.

Use page.route to intercept the call and fulfil it with fixed JSON so tests do not depend on external systems.

string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol, bigint and object (including arrays and functions).

test.step groups actions into named steps in reports; annotations such as test.skip, test.fixme and test.slow communicate intent and adjust behaviour.

await expect.soft(locator).toHaveText('...') records the failure but lets the test continue, so you see every mismatch in one run.

const [newPage] = await Promise.all([ context.waitForEvent('page'), page.getByText('Open').click(), ]); await newPage.waitForLoadState();

Workflow: checkout → setup-node → npm ci → npx playwright install --with-deps → npx playwright test → upload playwright-report as an artifact.

Separate tests, page objects, fixtures, utilities, test data and config; use tags, projects, shared auth setup, linting, code review and a CI pipeline with sharding and reports.

Rely on auto-waiting plus a web-first assertion on the final state, disable animations in config for tests and avoid fixed timeouts.

page.screenshot() for captures and config options use: { screenshot: 'only-on-failure', video: 'retain-on-failure' } for automatic evidence.

A class receives page in its constructor, stores locators as properties and exposes actions like login(user, pass). Tests call page objects, not raw locators.

Run npm init playwright@latest, which sets up config, example tests and browsers; execute with npx playwright test.

waitForSelector is a lower-level wait; locator assertions are preferred as they retry and are more readable.

An open-source end-to-end testing framework from Microsoft that automates Chromium, Firefox and WebKit through one API, in multiple languages.

Use page.frameLocator('#frame').getByRole(...) so actions work inside the iframe with auto-waiting.

Cover happy path, validation errors, auth and permissions, boundary values, idempotency, schema, performance and data cleanup.