Playwright Testing Interview Questions for Freshers (₹3–4 LPA)

waitForSelector is a lower-level wait; locator assertions are preferred as they retry and are more readable.

Auto-waiting, a built-in test runner, Chromium/Firefox/WebKit with one API, network interception, the trace viewer and parallel runs out of the box — usually faster and less flaky.

Log in with request.post, call request.storageState(), and create a browser context using that state.

Set retries in the config or CLI and failed tests re-run in a fresh context, with trace recorded on first retry to diagnose flakiness.

Add tags in the title (@smoke) or use the tag option, and run with --grep @smoke or --grep-invert.

Install the allure-playwright reporter, add it in the config reporters array and generate the report from the allure-results folder in CI.

await page.route('**/api/users', route => route.fulfill({ status: 200, json: [{ id: 1, name: 'Test' }] }) );

Named configurations that run the same tests across different browsers, devices or environments.

Placeholders for types that make reusable code type-safe, for example a helper function returning the same type of item that it receives.

Playwright supports multiple browsers, tabs, languages and has auto-waiting and tracing; Selenium has the widest ecosystem; Cypress runs in-browser with a great UI but has more limits across tabs.

Log in once in global setup, save storageState to a JSON file and set use.storageState in the config so every test starts logged in.

Capture the download event, save it with download.saveAs, then read the file in Node and assert on name, size or content.

Separate tests, page objects, fixtures, utilities, test data and config; use tags, projects, shared auth setup, linting, code review and a CI pipeline with sharding and reports.

Read the next page link or IDs from earlier responses, loop until done and assert counts and uniqueness; pass IDs between calls in the same test.

API testing checks services directly and is fast and stable; UI testing checks the full user experience in the browser and is slower.

JavaScript runs one call stack and uses queues for async work; the event loop pushes callbacks from the microtask (promises) and task queues when the stack is empty.

map transforms each item, filter keeps items that match a condition, and reduce combines all items into a single value.

User-facing ones: getByRole, getByText, getByLabel, getByPlaceholder and getByTestId, which are more resilient than CSS or XPath.

Files run in parallel by default; set workers in the config and use test.describe.configure({ mode: 'parallel' }) for tests inside a file.

var is function-scoped and hoisted. let and const are block-scoped; const can't be reassigned (though an object it points to can change). Prefer const, then let.

Run in parallel with sharding, reuse authentication state, set up data through APIs, avoid unnecessary waits, run smoke on every commit and the full suite nightly.

Syntax over Promises: an async function returns a Promise and await pauses until it resolves. Every Playwright action returns a Promise, so you await each step.

Integrate axe-core through @axe-core/playwright, run an analysis on the page and assert that there are no violations.

test('login', async ({ page }) => { await page.goto('/login'); await page.getByLabel('Email').fill('a@b.com'); await page.getByLabel('Password').fill('secret'); await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Login' }).click(); await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Dashboard' })).toBeVisible(); });

Set them in the context options (geolocation, permissions, timezoneId, locale) to simulate users from other regions.

Define an interface for the payload, cast or validate the parsed JSON to it (for example with zod), and use that type in assertions to catch shape changes.

In a fixture or beforeEach, call the API (request.post) to create the user or order, use it in the UI test, then delete it in teardown. It is faster and more reliable than creating data through the UI.

Use request.post with multipart: { file: { name, mimeType, buffer } } and assert the response and stored file details.

Wait for the popup event with const [popup] = await Promise.all([page.waitForEvent('popup'), page.click('a')]), then interact with popup.

locator.hover() and locator.dragTo(target) perform these actions, with auto-waiting for actionability.

Fixtures set up and tear down test dependencies. Extend with test.extend({ loggedInPage: async ({ page }, use) => { ...; await use(page); } }).

A type alias describes a shape or union of values; an enum creates a named set of constants that exists at runtime.

Rely on auto-waiting plus a web-first assertion on the final state, disable animations in config for tests and avoid fixed timeouts.

Use the official Playwright image which contains browsers and dependencies, mount the project and run npx playwright test for consistent CI environments.

It records screenshots, DOM snapshots, network calls and actions per step so you can replay a failed run and see exactly what happened.

string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol, bigint and object (including arrays and functions).

Use expect(page).toHaveScreenshot() to compare with stored baselines, with thresholds and masks for dynamic regions.

Assert the status with expect(res.status()).toBe(200), parse res.json() and check fields, using schema validation for the structure.

npx playwright codegen records user actions and generates test code with suggested locators, handy for starting tests.

await expect(page).toHaveScreenshot('home.png') compares against a baseline image; tune maxDiffPixels and mask dynamic areas like dates.

Fetch tokens in a fixture with expiry tracking and refresh it when it is about to expire, keeping tests unaware of the details.

Add retries with backoff for the API step, set a suitable timeout, and use mocks for non-critical dependencies.

Use dotenv files per environment, read them in playwright.config and set baseURL and credentials from variables, selecting with an ENV flag.

click simulates a real user click with actionability checks; dispatchEvent fires a DOM event directly without those checks.

The object behind the request fixture that holds base URL, headers and cookies, and can share cookies with a browser context.

Use the request fixture: const res = await request.get('/api/users'); expect(res.ok()).toBeTruthy(); const body = await res.json();

Use npx playwright test --shard=1/4 in each CI job and merge reports afterwards to reduce total run time.

Log in once in a setup project, save storageState to a file and reuse it in other projects or tests.

Run npm init playwright@latest, which sets up config, example tests and browsers; execute with npx playwright test.

Set extraHTTPHeaders in the config or pass headers per request, for example Authorization: Bearer token fetched in a setup step.

Record timestamps around the request or use response timing, then assert the duration is under an agreed threshold.

Tag tests (in the title or with { tag: '@smoke' }) and run: npx playwright test --grep @smoke (use --grep-invert to exclude).

Use --debug or the Inspector, page.pause(), UI mode, the trace viewer and headed runs with slowMo.

The action runs without waiting, so the next step may run first — causing flaky failures or 'Target closed' errors. The @typescript-eslint/no-floating-promises rule catches it.

Both describe object shapes. Interfaces can be extended and merged; type aliases can also describe unions and primitives. Use interfaces for page or test-data shapes, types for unions.

Destructuring pulls values from arrays or objects into variables; spread expands an array or object into another, useful for copying and merging config.

POST the query and variables as JSON to the single endpoint and assert both data and errors fields in the response.