Playwright Testing Interview Questions for Associate Roles (₹6–8 LPA)

Both describe object shapes. Interfaces can be extended and merged; type aliases can also describe unions and primitives. Use interfaces for page or test-data shapes, types for unions.

Register page.on('dialog', d => d.accept()) before the action triggers the dialog.

page.screenshot() for captures and config options use: { screenshot: 'only-on-failure', video: 'retain-on-failure' } for automatic evidence.

npm is the Node package manager. package.json lists the project's dependencies and scripts, such as the command that runs the tests.

Tag tests (in the title or with { tag: '@smoke' }) and run: npx playwright test --grep @smoke (use --grep-invert to exclude).

test.step groups actions into named steps in reports; annotations such as test.skip, test.fixme and test.slow communicate intent and adjust behaviour.

Destructuring pulls values from arrays or objects into variables; spread expands an array or object into another, useful for copying and merging config.

TypeScript + POM + custom fixtures, environment configs, API helpers for test data, tags like @smoke, sharding across CI machines, retries with traces, HTML/Allure reports, lint and review rules.

locator.hover() and locator.dragTo(target) perform these actions, with auto-waiting for actionability.

Reusable setup/teardown units injected into tests (page, context, request). You can extend test with custom fixtures such as loggedInPage.

Use try-catch with await, or .catch() on promises, and make sure rejected promises are never left unhandled.

Use page.route to intercept the call and fulfil it with fixed JSON so tests do not depend on external systems.

Turn on trace: 'on-first-retry', open the trace viewer, check network and timing, replace hard waits with web-first assertions, isolate test data and check for sharding conflicts.

Log in once in global setup, save storageState to a JSON file and set use.storageState in the config so every test starts logged in.

Add tags in the title (@smoke) or use the tag option, and run with --grep @smoke or --grep-invert.

Assert the status with expect(res.status()).toBe(200), parse res.json() and check fields, using schema validation for the structure.

Named configurations that run the same tests across different browsers, devices or environments.

var is function-scoped and hoisted. let and const are block-scoped; const can't be reassigned (though an object it points to can change). Prefer const, then let.

A Locator is lazy, re-resolved on every action and auto-waits (recommended). An ElementHandle points to one DOM node and can go stale.

It records screenshots, DOM snapshots, network calls and actions per step so you can replay a failed run and see exactly what happened.

undefined means a variable has not been assigned; null is an intentional empty value.

Syntax over Promises: an async function returns a Promise and await pauses until it resolves. Every Playwright action returns a Promise, so you await each step.

Assertions like expect(locator).toBeVisible() that retry until they pass or time out, unlike one-off checks.

Workflow: checkout → setup-node → npm ci → npx playwright install --with-deps → npx playwright test → upload playwright-report as an artifact.

In a fixture or beforeEach, call the API (request.post) to create the user or order, use it in the UI test, then delete it in teardown. It is faster and more reliable than creating data through the UI.

Use npx playwright test --shard=1/4 in each CI job and merge reports afterwards to reduce total run time.

Click to open the control, then use getByRole('option') or a text locator for the target item, instead of relying on fragile index-based selectors.

A class receives page in its constructor, stores locators as properties and exposes actions like login(user, pass). Tests call page objects, not raw locators.

Use page.frameLocator('#frame').getByRole(...) so actions work inside the iframe with auto-waiting.

Placeholders for types that make reusable code type-safe, for example a helper function returning the same type of item that it receives.

Auto-waiting, a built-in test runner, Chromium/Firefox/WebKit with one API, network interception, the trace viewer and parallel runs out of the box — usually faster and less flaky.

beforeEach runs the same code before every test in scope; fixtures are lazy, composable and only set up what a test uses.

all waits for every promise and rejects on the first failure; allSettled waits for all and reports each outcome; race settles with the first one to finish.

string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol, bigint and object (including arrays and functions).

Before acting, Playwright waits for the element to be attached, visible, stable, enabled and able to receive events — so manual waits are rarely needed.

The object behind the request fixture that holds base URL, headers and cookies, and can share cookies with a browser context.

Install the allure-playwright reporter, add it in the config reporters array and generate the report from the allure-results folder in CI.

Record timestamps around the request or use response timing, then assert the duration is under an agreed threshold.

Use --debug or the Inspector, page.pause(), UI mode, the trace viewer and headed runs with slowMo.

Create test data through API calls, verify it in the UI and clean up via API, which makes UI tests faster and more reliable.

Set extraHTTPHeaders in the config or pass headers per request, for example Authorization: Bearer token fetched in a setup step.

Read the next page link or IDs from earlier responses, loop until done and assert counts and uniqueness; pass IDs between calls in the same test.

Files run in parallel by default; set workers in the config and use test.describe.configure({ mode: 'parallel' }) for tests inside a file.

Capture the download event, save it with download.saveAs, then read the file in Node and assert on name, size or content.

map transforms each item, filter keeps items that match a condition, and reduce combines all items into a single value.

Log in once in a setup project, save storageState to a file and reuse it in other projects or tests.

Set retries in the config or CLI and failed tests re-run in a fresh context, with trace recorded on first retry to diagnose flakiness.

const [newPage] = await Promise.all([ context.waitForEvent('page'), page.getByText('Open').click(), ]); await newPage.waitForLoadState();

Separate tests, page objects, fixtures, utilities, test data and config; use tags, projects, shared auth setup, linting, code review and a CI pipeline with sharding and reports.

Use the request fixture: const res = await request.get('/api/users'); expect(res.ok()).toBeTruthy(); const body = await res.json();

A type alias describes a shape or union of values; an enum creates a named set of constants that exists at runtime.

An object describing how to find an element, re-evaluated on every action so it always targets the current DOM.

Use environment variables or .env files, a baseURL in config, API calls for setup and cleanup, and unique data per run.

An open-source end-to-end testing framework from Microsoft that automates Chromium, Firefox and WebKit through one API, in multiple languages.

Fetch tokens in a fixture with expiry tracking and refresh it when it is about to expire, keeping tests unaware of the details.

setInputFiles on the input for uploads; for downloads wait on page.waitForEvent('download') and save or inspect the file.

Cover happy path, validation errors, auth and permissions, boundary values, idempotency, schema, performance and data cleanup.

await page.route('**/api/users', route => route.fulfill({ status: 200, json: [{ id: 1, name: 'Test' }] }) );

A browser is the engine instance; a context is an isolated session (cookies, storage); a page is a tab inside a context.

obj?.a?.b safely reads nested properties and returns undefined instead of throwing if something in the chain is missing.

click simulates a real user click with actionability checks; dispatchEvent fires a DOM event directly without those checks.

Use dotenv files per environment, read them in playwright.config and set baseURL and credentials from variables, selecting with an ENV flag.

Functions that take other functions as arguments or return them, such as map, filter and reduce, or a helper that wraps retry logic around a test step.

API testing checks services directly and is fast and stable; UI testing checks the full user experience in the browser and is slower.

npx playwright test tests/login.spec.ts, add -g "test title" to match a name, or use test.only while debugging.

Define an interface for the payload, cast or validate the parsed JSON to it (for example with zod), and use that type in assertions to catch shape changes.

Create a class that takes a page, defines locators as properties and exposes action methods; instantiate it in a fixture for clean tests.

Use expect(page).toHaveScreenshot() to compare with stored baselines, with thresholds and masks for dynamic regions.