Computer Fundamentals MCQ Practice

Solution: Ascanneris a device that captures images from physical sources such as printed text or photographs and converts them into digital form that can be stored, edited, or transmitted electronically.Scannerswork by using a light-sensitive sensor to capture the image, which is then converted into digital data that can be manipulated using software. Scanners are commonly used for tasks such as digitizing documents, archiving photographs, and creating digital art. Other options such askeyboard, plotter and OMRare not related to the process of converting physical images into digital form.

Solution: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail. However, since it is limited in its ability to queue messages at the receiving end, it is usually used with one of two other protocols, POP3 or IMAP that let the user save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server. SMTP usually is implemented to operate over Internetport 25.Many mail servers now supportExtended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(ESMTP), which allows multimedia files to be delivered as e-mail.

Solution: Thevon Neumann architecture, also known as thevon Neumann model, is the foundation of modern computer design. It was proposed by the mathematician and physicistJohn von Neumannin the 1940s. This architecture is characterized by the use of acentral processing unit (CPU)that can execute a series of instructions stored inmemory. The instructions are fetched from memory, decoded, and executed sequentially, allowing for the manipulation of data and the execution of various operations. This concept of stored-program computers revolutionized the field of computing and forms the basis for virtually all modern computers today.Option B:Charles BabbageCharles Babbage is known for designing theanalytical engine, a mechanical general-purpose computer, in the 1830s. While his work laid the groundwork for computing concepts, his designs were not fully realized during his lifetime.Option C:Blaise PascalBlaise Pascal, a French mathematician, invented thePascaline, an early mechanical calculator, in the 17th century. While this device contributed to computational advancements, it did not establish the basic architecture of modern computers.Option D:Garden MooreThis option is not associated with the development of the basic architecture of computers. The correct spelling should be "Gordon Moore," who co-founded Intel and is known for formulating "Moore's Law" related to the exponential growth of semiconductor technology.Option E:None of theseWhile options A and B are the most relevant to the development of computer architecture, the correct answer isOption A: John Von Neumannas he proposed the von Neumann architecture that is fundamental to modern computers.

Solution: In MS Excel, formulas are equations that perform various calculations in your worksheets. Though Microsoft has introduced a handful of new functions over the years, the concept of Excel spreadsheet formulas is the same in all versions of Excel 2016, Excel 2013, Excel 2010, Excel 2007 and lower.All Excel formulas begin with an equal sign (=).

Solution: There is 5 generation of computer available till now.1stGeneration of Computer= The period of first generation: 1946-1959. Vacuum tube based.2ndGeneration of Computer= The period of second generation: 1959-1965. Transistor based.3rdGeneration of Computer= The period of third generation: 1965-1971. Integrated Circuit based.4thGeneration of Computer= The period of fourth generation: 1971-1980. VLSI microprocessor based.5thGeneration of Computer= The period of fifth generation: 1980-onwards. ULSI microprocessor based.

Solution: Fifth generation computing devices, based onartificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. Quantum computation and molecular and nanotechnology will radically change the face of computers in years to come. The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organization.

Solution: The first computers usedvacuum tubesfor circuitry andmagnetic drumsformemory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. They were very expensive to operate and in addition to using a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions. First generation computers relied onmachine language, the lowest-level programming language understood by computers, to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time.Input was based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts.TheUNIVACandENIACcomputers are examples of first-generation computing devices.

Solution: The microprocessor broughtthe fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip. What in the first generation filled an entire room could now fit in the palm of the hand. The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the components of the computer—from theCentral processing Unit (CPU)and memory to input/output controls—on a single chip.Tthese small computers became more powerful, they could be linked together to form networks, which eventually led to the development of the Internet. Fourth generation computers also saw the development ofGUIs,the mouseandhandhelddevices.

Solution: Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers. The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers until the late 1950s. The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable than their first-generation predecessors. Though the transistor still generated a great deal of heat that subjected the computer to damage, it was a vast improvement over the vacuum tube. Second-generation computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output.Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary machine language to symbolic, or assembly, languages, which allowed programmers to specify instructions in words. High-level programming languages were also being developed at this time, such as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.

Solution: Rom is non-volatile memory include read-only memory, flash memory, ferroelectric, most types of magnetic computer storage devices .This is because you cannot erase or modify it when the computer system is turned off. Computer manufacturers write codes on the ROM chip, and users cannot alter or interfere with it.

Solution: A Graphical User Interface is a computer interface that allows users to interact with a device through graphical elements such as pictures and animations, as opposed to text-based commands.

Solution: When any data or instruction is entered into the memory of a computer, it is considered as input. Input refers to the process of providing data or instructions to a computer for processing. This can be done through various input devices such as keyboards, mice, scanners, etc. Input is an essential step in the computer's functioning as it allows the computer to receive and process information. Therefore, in the context of the given question, the data or instruction entered into the computer's memory is considered as input.

Solution: The correct answer isOption A: Execution Time.Let's break it down:1. What is "Processing a job"?Imagine you ask your computer to open a game, calculate a sum, or save a document. The time your computer's main brain (theCPU) spends actually *doing* that task, step-by-step, following all the instructions, is called processing.Why Option A is correct:Execution Timeis exactly what it sounds like! It's theactual time the computer (specifically the CPU) spends performing all the instructions and calculations for a particular task or "job". If your computer takes 5 seconds to load a game from when it starts working on it until it finishes, those 5 seconds are its execution time for that task.Think of it like this: If you are building a toy car, the "execution time" is the time you spend actively putting the pieces together and completing the building process.Why other options are incorrect:Option B: Delay TimeThis refers to time lost because of various reasons, like waiting for information to come from the internet (network delay), or a slight pause before the computer starts a task due to other activities. It's time spent *waiting* or being *delayed*, not *actively processing* the job itself.Option C: Real TimeThis describes a *type* of computer system or processing where tasks must be completed within very strict and guaranteed time limits. For example, systems in airplanes or medical equipment often operate in "real time" because delays can be critical. It's about *how* quickly and consistently a task must be done (its characteristics), not the *duration* of a single task's processing.Option D: Waiting TimeThis is the time a job has to wait in a queue because the computer's CPU is busy with other tasks, or it's waiting for another resource (like data from a hard drive) to become available. During "waiting time," the job is just sitting there, not being actively processed by the CPU yet.

Solution: Aflip-flopor latch is a circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state information as Memory devices.

Solution: The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. Its recommended unit symbol is MB. The unit prefix mega is a multiplier of 1000000 (106) in the International System of Units (SI).

Solution: Red hat Linux is not an application software package. Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a Linux-based operating system from Red Hat designed for businesses. RHEL can work on desktops, on servers, in hypervisors or in the cloud.

Solution: Linux is free and open source software it is not sold by Microsoft or any other company.

Solution: An error in computer program is known asBugand process of fixing Bugs are known asDebug.

Solution: The correct answer isOption C: Application software.Let's break down why:*Operating System:This is the core software that manages all the hardware and other software on a computer (like Windows, macOS, or Linux). Microsoft Word needs an operating system to run, so it *isn't* the operating system itself.*Processing Device:This is a physical component like the CPU (Central Processing Unit) that performs calculations and instructions. Microsoft Word is not a physical device.*Application Software:This is software designed to perform a specific task for the user.Microsoft Word is designed for creating and editing documents, making it application software.*Input Device:This is a hardware device that sends information to the computer (like a keyboard or mouse). Microsoft Word is not a physical device that you use to input data in that way.*System Software:This is software that helps run the computer hardware and operating system, for example, device drivers. While Word relies on system software, it itself is designed for user tasks.Therefore, becauseMicrosoft Word is software designed for a specific user task (creating documents), it falls into the category of application software.

Solution: Supercomputers were introduced in the 1960s, and for several decades the fastest were made bySeymour Crayat Control Data Corporation (CDC)A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer. Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS)

Solution: Graphical pictures that represent an object like file, folder etc are known asIcons.Iconsare small graphical representations of programs, files, folders, and other objects on your computer.Task baris a bar displayed on the screen that contains buttons for running programs and other controls.Windowsare the rectangular areas of the screen where programs and content are displayed.Desktopis the main screen area that you see after you turn on your computer and log on to Windows.Therefore, the correct answer is Option C: Icons.

Solution: Option B is not an advantage of magnetic disk storage because:Magnetic disk storage tends to be more expensive than magnetic tape storage, especially when comparing cost per unit of data storage.Magnetic tapes are generally used for cost-effective long-term storage and archival purposes, whereas magnetic disks offer faster access times and are used for active storage.Therefore, stating that disk storage is less expensive is incorrect, making Option B the right choice as it is not an advantage of magnetic disk storage.

Solution: In mathematics and digital electronics, a binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, which uses only two symbols: typically 0 (zero) and 1 (one). The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit.

Solution: The most commonly used floppy disks are 3.5 inches and have the capacity of 800 KB to 2.8 MB (with a standard of 1.44 MB). The high-density floppy disk drive was first introduced in 1995.

Solution: An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normallysilicon.

Solution: This version was released on 25 September 1996. OS/2 is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci.

Solution: An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and complex ALUs.

Solution: ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was amongst the earliest electronic general-purpose computers made. It was Turing-complete, digital and able to solve "a large class of numerical problems" through reprogramming.

Solution: Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.

Solution: The Intel 4004 is a 4-bit central processing unit (CPU) released by Intel Corporation in 1971. It was the first commercially available microprocessor by Intel. The 4004 was the first in a long line of Intel CPUs.The chip design started in April 1970, when Federico Faggin joined Intel, and it was completed under his leadership in January 1971.

Solution: The win.ini file is a Windows system file used with Microsoft Windows 3.x and 9x initialization that loads from the C:Windows directory and loads settings each time Windows boots. For example, the communication drivers, wallpaper, screen saver, languages and fonts are loaded each time the win.ini initializes. If this file becomes corrupt or bad, Windows will either not load, or have several errors as it loads.

Solution: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving e-mail.

Solution: Sent by computer engineerRay Tomlinsonin1971, the email was simply a test message to himself. The email was sent from one computer to another computer sitting right beside it in Cambridge, Massachusetts, but it traveled via ARPANET, a network of computers that was the precursor to the Internet.

Solution: An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.After being initially loaded into the computer by a boot program, manages all the other programs in a computer. The other programs are called applications or application programs. The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for services through a defined application program interface (API).

Solution: An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital electronic circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers.

Solution: A RAM chip is a microchip used as RAM storage for computers and other devices. This is the actual chip that is soldered onto small circuit boards in order to create RAM cards or sticks, and it is rated for performance and capacity differently, depending on the model and manufacturer.

Solution: A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer. Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS).

Solution: The operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware on the computer. It performs basic tasks such as file, memory and process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers and all of the above.

Solution: A programmable read-only memory (PROM) or field programmable read-only memory (FPROM) or one-time programmable non-volatile memory (OTP NVM) is a form of digital memory where the setting of each bit is locked by a fuse or antifuse. It is one type of ROM (read-only memory). The data in them is permanent and cannot be changed.PROMs are used in digital electronic devices to store permanent data, usually low level programs such as firmware (microcode).

Solution: ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain. Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware.

Solution: RAM is normally associated with volatile types of memory (such as DRAM modules), where stored information is lost if power is removed

Solution: A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

Solution: 1 KB = 1024 bytes.

Solution: A modem (modulator–demodulator) is a network hardware device that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information.

Solution: computers,printers, andcables. These components are essential for creating and maintaining the network.Computersare the devices that connect to the network,printersmay be shared resources within the network, andcablesare used to physically connect these devices.Amodem, however, is primarily used to connect a network to an external service provider, such as an Internet Service Provider (ISP). It modulates and demodulates signals for internet connectivity. While modems are commonly used in wide area networks (WANs) or for internet access, they are not a standard component of a LAN, which is designed for local communication and resource sharing within a limited area.

Solution: The small program that starts this sequence is known as a bootstrap loader, bootstrap or boot loader. The first instructor of the bootstrap loader program of an operating system is stored in BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).

Solution: A computer virus is a malicious software program loaded onto a user’s computer without the user’s knowledge and performs malicious actions.

Solution: EEPROM (also E2PROM) stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers.

Solution: EEPROM:Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory(EEPROM) is a special type of PROM that can be erased by exposing it to an electrical charge. Like other types of PROM, EEPROM retains its contents even when the power is turned off. Also like other types of ROM, EEPROM is not as fast as RAM.EEPROM is similar to Flash Memory (sometimes called flash EEPROM). The principal difference is that EEPROM requires data to be written or erased one byte at a time whereas flash memory allows data to be written or erased in blocks. This makes flash memory faster.

Solution: Main memory is the primary, internal workspace in the computer, commonly known as RAM. Specifications such as 4GB, 8GB, 12GB and 16GB almost always refer to the capacity of RAM. In contrast, disk or solid state storage capacities in a computer are typically 128GB or 256GB and higher.

Solution: Office Open XML (OOXML) format was introduced with Microsoft Office 2007 and became the default format of Microsoft Word ever since. Pertaining file extensions include: .docx – Word document.

Solution: In computer hardware, a port serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices. In computer terms, a port generally refers to the female part of connection. Computer ports have many uses, to connect a monitor, webcam, speakers, or other peripheral devices.

Solution: 1 MB is equal to 1024 kilobytes.20= 121= 222= 423= 824= 1625= 3226= 6427= 12828= 25629= 512210= 1024

Solution: In computing, a printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent human-readable representation of graphics or text on paper.

Solution: Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated IE or MSIE) is a series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included in the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, starting in 1995.

Solution: Audio Video Interleave (also Audio Video Interleaved), known by its initials AVI, is a multimedia container format introduced by Microsoft in November 1992 as part of its Video for Windows software. AVI files can contain both audio and video data in a file container that allows synchronous audio-with-video playback

Solution: Computers use different types of memory. Some are fast, others are slow.RAM (Random Access Memory)is a type of memory that stores data temporarily while the computer is running. It's fast but loses its data when the computer is turned off.AHard Diskis a permanent storage device that holds information even when the computer is off. It's much slower than RAM.Cacheis a very fast type of memory that's even faster than RAM. It stores frequently accessed data to make the computer work quicker.BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)is a program stored in a special type of memory that starts up the computer. It's not primarily used for general data storage.Therefore, the answer choices that represent high-speed memory are RAM and Cache. However,Cacheis significantly faster than RAM.

Solution: The client-server programming model is a distributed computing architecture that segregates information users (clients) from information providers (servers). A client is an application that needs something like a web page or IP address from a server. Clients may contact a server for this information at any time.

Solution: Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.

Solution: Semiconductor memory is a digital electronic semiconductor device used for digital data storage, such as computer memory. For these reasons it is used for primary storage, to hold the program and data the computer is currently working on, among other uses.

Solution: General purpose computers are those that can be adopted to countless uses simply by changing its Program. A general purpose computer is a computer that is designed to be able to carry out many different tasks.

Solution: The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits.

Solution: Large-scale integration (LSI) is the process of integrating or embedding thousands of transistors on a single silicon semiconductor microchip.

Solution: Memory is the conscious storage and recollection of data. Under declarative memory resides semantic and episodic memory. Semantic memory refers to memory that is encoded with specific meaning, while episodic memory refers to information that is encoded along a spatial and temporal plane.

Solution: A printer is a device that accepts text and graphic output from a computer and transfers the information to paper, usually to standard-size, 8.5" by 11" sheets of paper. Printers vary in size, speed, sophistication and cost.

Solution: A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer. Performance of a supercomputer is measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS).Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation (or both).

Solution: Primary storage is the component of the computer that holds data. It is a part of the CPU, programs and instructions that are currently in use. Primary storage is located on the motherboard . As a result, data can be read from and written to primary storage extremely quickly.

Solution: A computer program is a sequence of instructions for performing a task designed to solve specific problems. Each program instruction is designed to be executable by a computer; computers require the capacity to execute programs in order to function.

Solution: A process which copy's data from a memory location of the computer system is termed as Reading. It is an action executed by the computer system. This process helps to acquire data from a source field and then place the data into their volatile memory for further processing.

Solution: When referring to data or storage device, writing is taking information and moving it to an alternate location.

Solution: Information is the product of data processing. It is interrelated data and equivalent to finished goods produced after processing the raw material.

Solution: In computing, an input device is a piece of computer hardware equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and joysticks.

Solution: The domain name system (DNS) is the way that internet domain names are located and translated into internet protocol (IP) addresses. The domain name system maps the name people use to locate a website to the IP address that a computer uses to locate a website. For example, if someone types example.com into a web browser, a server behind the scenes will map that name to the IP address 93.184.216.34

Solution: Platform independence means that the same program works on any platform (operating system) without needing any modification. In the case of Java the application runs in a Java Virtual Machine which itself isn't platform independent.

Solution: ROM is read-only, it cannot be changed, it is permanent and non-volatile, meaning it also holds its memory even when power is removed. By contrast, random access memory (RAM) is volatile; it is lost when power is removed.

Solution: The computer does its primary work in a part of the machine we cannot see, a control center that converts data input to information output. This control center, called the central processing unit (CPU), is a highly complex, extensive set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions.

Solution: USB, short for Universal Serial Bus, is a standard type of connection for many different kinds of devices. Generally, USB refers to the types of cables and connectors used to connect these many types of external devices to computers.

Solution: An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a combinational digital electronic circuit that performs arithmetic and bitwise operations on integer binary numbers. This is in contrast to a floating-point unit (FPU), which operates on floating point numbers. An ALU is a fundamental building block of many types of computing circuits, including the central processing unit (CPU) of computers, FPUs, and graphics processing units (GPUs). A single CPU, FPU or GPU may contain multiple ALUs.Source :Wikipedia.org

Solution: A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

Solution: The Motherboard is the main circuit board for the computer, containing both soldered, non-removable components along with sockets or slots for components that can be removed. The motherboard holds the CPU, RAM and ROM chips, etc.

Solution: The most common technique to change an analog signal to digital data is called pulse code modulation (PCM). A technique used by codes to convert an analog signal into a digital bit stream is known as Pulse code modulation.

Solution: Optical mark recognition (also called optical mark reading and OMR) is the process of capturing human-marked data from document forms such as surveys and tests.

Solution: A program that converts computer data into some code system other than the normal one is known as encoder. Encoder is used for the same purpose (means to convert information to machine code) and Decoder is just opposite of encoder.

Solution: Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is a type of random access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a separate tiny capacitor within an integrated circuit.

Solution: Memory caching is a technique in which computer applications temporarily store data in a computer's main memory to enable fast retrievals of that data. The RAM that is used for the temporary storage is known as the cache.

Solution: A memory cache, sometimes called a cache store or RAM cache, is a portion of memory made of high-speed static RAM (SRAM) instead of the slower and cheaper dynamic RAM (DRAM) used for main memory. Memory caching is effective because most programs access the same data or instructions over and over.

Solution: BIOS (Basic Input Output System) software is stored on a non-volatile ROM chip on the motherboard. In modern computer systems, the BIOS contents are stored on a flash memory chip so that the contents can be rewritten without removing the chip from the motherboard.

Solution: A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data using magnetic storage and one or more rigid rapidly rotating platters coated with magnetic material. The platters are paired with magnetic heads, usually arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces. Data is accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that individual blocks of data can be stored and retrieved in any order. HDDs are a type of non-volatile storage, retaining stored data even when computer powered off.

Solution: PCI (peripheral component interconnect) is an interface standard for connecting high-speed components. Every desktop PC motherboard has a number of PCI slots you can use to add GPUs, RAID cards, Wi-Fi cards or SSD (solid-state drive) add-on cards.

Solution: Microsoft currently uses Intel-based processors for the majority of its Azure cloud services, and most of the company's Surface lineup run on Intel chips, too. We reached out to Microsoft to comment on the rumors, and the company didn't deny them.

Solution: A system bus is a single computer bus that connects the major components of a computer system, combining the functions of a data bus to carry information, an address bus to determine where it should be sent, and a control bus to determine its operation.

Solution: Intel is not PC manufacturer. Intel in full Intel Corporation, American manufacturer of semiconductor computer circuits. It is headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The company's name comes from “integrated electronics.”

Solution: A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.

Solution: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript, it forms a triad of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web.

Solution: Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz) from fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs). Invented by Dutch electrical engineer Jaap Haartsen, working for telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994.

Solution: E-commerce is the activity of buying or selling of products on online services or over the Internet. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.

Solution: CRT: The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that contains one or more electron guns and a phosphorescent screen, and is used to display images. It modulates, accelerates, and deflects electron beam(s) onto the screen to create the images.LCD: A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly, instead using a backlight or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome.

Solution: A logic gate is an elementary building block of a digital circuit. Most logic gates have two inputs and one output. At any given moment, every terminal is in one of the two binary conditions low (0) or high (1), represented by different voltage levels.Source :TinkBox.ph

Solution: The function keys, also called the F-keys or Fn keys, are located in the top row of nearly all computer keyboards. They typically contain at least F1 through F12, but may include to F16 on some keyboards. The function that each key provides depends on what program is currently running, and certain keys may provide no function at all.Source :pc.net

Solution: Mainframe computers are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing. They are larger and have more processing power than some other classes of computers: minicomputers, servers, workstations, and personal computers.Mainframes are built to be reliable for transaction processing as it is commonly understood in the business world: the commercial exchange of goods, services, or money. A typical transaction, as defined by the Transaction Processing Performance Council, updates a database system for inventory control (goods), airline reservations (services), Railway or banking (money) by adding a record.Source :wikipedia.org