if else if statements in C Programming

What is if...else if...else?

This ladder is used when you need to test multiple conditions in sequence, executing the block for the first true condition.

Syntax

if (condition1) {
    // block 1
} else if (condition2) {
    // block 2
} else {
    // default block
}

Example

int marks = 72;
if (marks >= 90) {
    printf("Grade A");
} else if (marks >= 75) {
    printf("Grade B");
} else if (marks >= 60) {
    printf("Grade C");
} else {
    printf("Grade D");
}

Conditions are checked top to bottom, and only the first matching block executes.