Key Hacking Techniques:

1. Social Engineering
   - Tricking people into giving up information
   - Example: Calling someone pretending to be IT support

2. Phishing
   - Fake emails that steal credentials
   - Example: Email saying "Reset your password"

3. Man-in-the-Middle (MITM)
   - Intercepting communication between two parties
   - Example: Eavesdropping on Wi-Fi

4. SQL Injection
   - Inserting malicious code into database queries
   - Example: Getting data from a website's database

5. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
   - Injecting scripts into websites
   - Example: Redirecting users to fake pages

6. Brute Force Attack
   - Trying all password combinations
   - Example: Trying 10,000 passwords to guess one

7. Denial of Service (DoS)
   - Overwhelming a system to make it crash
   - Example: Sending too many requests to a server

Common Ethical Hacking Tools:

1. Kali Linux
   - Operating system for ethical hacking
   - Includes 600+ tools

2. Metasploit
   - Framework for developing exploits
   - Used for penetration testing

3. Wireshark
   - Network traffic analyzer
   - Captures and shows data packets

4. Nmap
   - Network scanning tool
   - Finds open ports and services

5. Burp Suite
   - Web application security testing
   - Finds vulnerabilities in websites

6. John the Ripper
   - Password cracking tool
   - Tests password strength

7. OWASP ZAP
   - Web application scanner
   - Finds security issues in web apps

💡 Tip: Always use these tools legally and with permission.

Network Basics for Ethical Hackers:

1. IP Address
   - Unique address for a device on a network
   - Like a house address for computers

2. DNS
   - Translates domain names to IP addresses
   - Like a phonebook for the internet

3. Port
   - Entry point for network communication
   - Port 80 = HTTP, Port 443 = HTTPS

4. Protocol
   - Rules for data transmission
   - HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, TCP/IP

5. Firewall
   - Blocks unauthorized access
   - Filters incoming/outgoing traffic

6. Router
   - Connects different networks together
   - Sends data between devices

7. Switch
   - Connects devices on the same network
   - Like a multi-port network hub

Advanced Network & System Terms:

1. DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)
   - Multiple systems attack one target
   - Overwhelms server resources

2. VPN (Virtual Private Network)
   - Creates secure, encrypted connection
   - Hides IP address and location

3. Proxy Server
   - Intermediary between device and internet
   - Hides identity and bypasses blocks

4. Vulnerability
   - Weakness in a system
   - Can be exploited by attackers

5. Exploit
   - Code that takes advantage of vulnerability
   - Used to gain unauthorized access

6. Patch
   - Fix for a vulnerability
   - Released by software vendors

7. Zero-Day
   - Vulnerability not yet patched
   - Attackers exploit before fix is available

Ethical Hacking Glossary A-M:

A - Antivirus: Software that detects and removes malware
A - Attack: An attempt to breach security

B - Botnet: Network of infected devices used for attacks
B - Brute Force: Trying all password combinations
B - Buffer Overflow: Program writing beyond memory limits

C - Cipher: Algorithm used for encryption
C - Cookie: Small data file stored on your computer
C - Cyber Security: Protecting systems from digital attacks

D - DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service attack
D - DNS: Domain Name System (translates domain names)
D - Decryption: Converting encrypted data back

E - Encryption: Scrambling data to keep it secret
E - Exploit: Code that takes advantage of vulnerabilities
E - Ethics: Moral principles guiding security work

F - Firewall: Blocks unauthorized network access
F - Forensic: Investigating digital evidence
F - Full Disclosure: Publishing all vulnerability details

G - Gateway: Connects different networks
G - Grey Hat: Hacker who finds vulnerabilities without permission

H - Hacker: Someone who breaks into computer systems
H - HTTP: Protocol for web traffic
H - HTTPS: Encrypted version of HTTP

I - IDS: Intrusion Detection System
I - IPS: Intrusion Prevention System
I - IP Address: Unique address for a device

J - JavaScript: Programming language (can be exploited)
J - JWT: JSON Web Token (authentication)

K - Kali Linux: Operating system for ethical hacking
K - Key: Used for encryption/decryption

L - Log: Record of system events
L - Logic Bomb: Malicious code triggered by an event

M - Malware: Malicious software
M - Metasploit: Penetration testing framework
M - MITM: Man-in-the-Middle attack

Ethical Hacking Glossary N-Z:

N - Nmap: Network scanning tool
N - Nonce: Number used once in cryptography

O - OWASP: Open Web Application Security Project
O - OSINT: Open Source Intelligence

P - Patch: Fix for a security vulnerability
P - Penetration Testing: Testing security by attacking
P - Phishing: Fake emails that steal credentials
P - Port: Entry point for network traffic
P - Proxy: Intermediary server

Q - Query: Request for data from a database
Q - Quantum: Advanced computing (future security risk)

R - Ransomware: Malware that locks files for ransom
R - Red Team: Attackers who test defenses
R - Router: Device that connects networks
R - Ransomware: Malware that demands payment

S - SQL Injection: Malicious code in database queries
S - Security Analyst: Monitors security threats
S - Social Engineering: Tricking people into giving info
S - Spyware: Software that monitors activity
S - SSL: Secure Sockets Layer (encryption)

T - Threat: Potential security risk
T - Trojan: Malware disguised as legitimate software

U - URL: Web address
U - USB: Device used for file transfer (can be infected)

V - Vulnerability: Weakness that can be exploited
V - VPN: Virtual Private Network

W - White Hat: Ethical hacker
W - Wireshark: Network traffic analyzer

X - XSS: Cross-Site Scripting
X - XML: Extensible Markup Language

Y - YARA: Pattern matching tool for malware

Z - Zero-Day: Vulnerability not yet patched
Z - Zombie: Infected device used in botnet