Top SQL Azure Interview Questions to Ace Your Interview

Azure SQL interview questions typically blend general SQL/database knowledge with Azure-specific concepts around deployment, scaling, and management.

Core Azure SQL Concepts

• What is Azure SQL Database? — a fully managed relational database service built on the SQL Server engine, handling patching, backups, and high availability automatically
• What's the difference between Azure SQL Database and SQL Managed Instance? — SQL Database is a simpler, single/elastic-pool PaaS offering, while Managed Instance offers near-complete SQL Server compatibility for easier migrations
• What are DTUs and vCores? — two different pricing/performance models for Azure SQL Database, with DTUs bundling compute, storage, and IO into a single unit, and vCores allowing independent scaling

Performance and Reliability

• How does Azure SQL Database handle high availability? — through built-in redundancy and automatic failover, with options for zone-redundant configurations
• What is elastic pool used for? — sharing resources across multiple databases with variable usage patterns to optimize cost
• How would you troubleshoot slow query performance? — using Query Performance Insight, examining execution plans, and reviewing index usage

Security

• How do you secure an Azure SQL Database? — using firewall rules, Azure AD authentication, transparent data encryption, and auditing

Tips for the Interview

• Be ready to write or explain basic T-SQL queries, since SQL fundamentals often come up alongside Azure-specific questions
• Understand backup and point-in-time restore options, as they're commonly asked about