Introduction to Object Oriented Concepts

Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is a way of structuring code around objects - self-contained units that bundle together data (attributes) and behavior (methods) that belong together, modeled closely on real-world entities.

Classes and Objects

A class is a blueprint that defines what attributes and methods its objects will have. An object is a specific instance created from that class, with its own actual data.

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, course):
        self.name = name
        self.course = course

    def introduce(self):
        print(f"Hi, I'm {self.name}, studying {self.course}")

s1 = Student("Abhay", "Data Science")
s1.introduce()

Here, Student is the class, and s1 is an object (an instance) of that class, holding its own unique data.

Why Use OOP?

• Organizes related data and behavior together, making large programs easier to manage
• Models real-world entities naturally, making code more intuitive to design and read
• Encourages code reuse through inheritance, reducing duplication
• Used internally by nearly every major Python library, including Pandas and Scikit-learn

Coming Up Next

Next, you'll look at built-in class attributes - special attributes that Python automatically provides for every class.