Tableau Architecture
Tableau's architecture describes how its different components - the desktop client, server, and data sources - fit together to deliver visual analytics at scale.
Key Components
- Tableau Desktop - where workbooks are authored and connected to data.
- Data Server - manages metadata and data connections shared across the organization.
- VizQL - Tableau's internal query language that translates drag-and-drop actions into database queries and renders the visual result.
- Tableau Server / Cloud Repository - stores workbooks, extracts, permissions, and usage metadata.
Live Connection vs Extract
Tableau can either query a data source directly every time (live connection) or pull a compressed snapshot of the data into Tableau's own fast in-memory engine (extract) for quicker performance.
Client-Server Flow
Tableau Desktop -> publishes workbook -> Tableau Server/Cloud
Tableau Server -> renders views -> Web browser / Tableau Mobile
Understanding whether a workbook uses a live connection or an extract explains a lot about its performance and how current its data is at any given moment.