a OOPS Concept: Encapsulation(Classes with the method, variables & logics)

What is Encapsulation?

Encapsulation bundles an object's data (fields) and the methods that operate on that data together within a single class, typically keeping fields private and exposing controlled access via public getter/setter methods.

public class User {
    private String email;
    public String getEmail() { return email; }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        if (email.contains("@")) this.email = email;
    }
}

Why It Matters

Encapsulation keeps validation logic in one place (like the setter above), preventing invalid data from ever being assigned directly to the field.