Identifying WebElement using id, name, linkText, partial LinkText, className, XPath, CssSelector and TagName

Common Locator Strategies

driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
driver.findElement(By.name("email"));
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign In"));
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Sign"));
driver.findElement(By.className("btn-primary"));
driver.findElement(By.tagName("input"));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("input.username"));
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='username']"));

Choosing the Right Strategy

Use ID when available (fastest and most stable); CSS Selector for clean, readable selection based on class or attributes; and XPath for complex traversal (like finding an element based on its text or a sibling relationship).