Introduction about different database types

Relational Databases (RDBMS)

Store data in structured tables with defined relationships, using SQL as the query language. Examples include Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server.

NoSQL Databases

• Document databases (e.g., MongoDB) store data as flexible, JSON-like documents.
• Key-value stores (e.g., Redis) store simple key-value pairs for very fast lookups.
• Column-family stores (e.g., Cassandra) optimize for large-scale, distributed data.
• Graph databases (e.g., Neo4j) are optimized for highly connected data and relationships.

Choosing Between Them

Relational databases are favored when data integrity and complex relationships matter; NoSQL options are often chosen for scale, flexibility, or unstructured data.